Comparative distribution and metabolism of two 14C-labelled chlorinated paraffins in Japanese quail Coturnix coturnix japonica

Biessmann, A.; Brandt, Ingvar; Darnerud, Per Ola

doi:10.1016/0143-1471(82)90097-6

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Relationships for toluene‐extractable 14 C between PCAs of the same carbon‐chain length but different chlorine content were not as obvious. Decreases in biotransformation of PCAs with carbon‐chain length and chlorine content have been observed with birds and mammals [30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence exists that mammals and birds can effectively mineralize PCAs to CO 2 [30,31], and that metabolism in mice decreases with increasing chlorination [32]. The PCAs used in the bird and mammal studies [30,31] were not uniformly [ 14 C]‐labeled, and therefore, these studies do not provide conclusive evidence for complete mineralization of PCAs. Metabolic pathways may also vary with carbon‐chain length and chlorine content, producing different types of metabolites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metabolic pathways may also vary with carbon‐chain length and chlorine content, producing different types of metabolites. Dar‐nerud and Brandt [30] and Biessmann et al [31] suggested that short‐chain PCAs are biotransformed to short segments and used by intermediary metabolic routes in mammals and birds, although these conclusions were not based on measured metabolites. In general, limited data exist regarding the influence of carbon‐chain length or chlorine content on the route of metabolism or the structure of metabolites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relationships for toluene-extractable 14 not as obvious. Decreases in biotransformation of PCAs with carbon-chain length and chlorine content have been observed with birds and mammals [30,31]. Evidence exists that mammals and birds can effectively mineralize PCAs to CO 2 [30,31], and that metabolism in mice decreases with increasing chlorination [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary accumulation and quantitative structure‐activity relationships for depuration and biotransformation of short (C₁₀), medium (C₁₄), and long (C₁₈) carbon‐chain polychlorinated alkanes by juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

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Tomy

Cymbalisty

et al. 2000

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to three [ 14 C]-polychlorinated alkanes (PCAs) (C 10 H 15.3 Cl 6.7 , C 14 H 23.3 Cl 6.7 , and C 18 H 31.4 Cl 6.6 ) at nominal concentrations of 1.5 and 15 g/g for 40 d, followed by 160 d of clean food, to measure bioaccumulation parameters and biotransformation. These PCAs are identical in carbon-chain length and chlorine content to industrial chlorinated paraffin products, although their method of synthesis differs from that of chlorinated paraffin products. Half-lives ranged from 26 to 91 d, biomagnification factors ranged from 0.9 to 2.8, and both exhibited increasing trends with increasing carbon-chain length. Data from this work and others on PCAs were used to determine biotransformation rates and to examine quantitative structure-activity relationships for bioaccumulation and biotransformation. Quantitative structure-activity relationships developed for half-life and biomagnification factor showed positive linear relationships with the number of carbon atoms, of chlorine atoms, of total carbon and chlorine atoms, and log K ow . The PCA biotransformation rates (per day) ranged from Ϫ0.00028 to 8.4 and exhibited negative relationships with the number of carbon atoms, of chlorine atoms, of total carbon and chlorine atoms, and log K ow . Results suggest that PCAs with a total number of carbon and chlorine atoms between 22 and 30 are slowly, or are not, biotransformed in juvenile rainbow trout. Increasing carbon-chain length and chlorine content result in greater bioaccumulation of PCAs by reducing partition-based (i.e., diffusion) and metabolic (i.e., biotransformation) elimination processes. High bioaccumulation potential and low biotransformation rates of medium (C 14-18 ) and long (C 18-30 ) carbon-chain PCAs and highly chlorinated PCAs indicate that information is needed regarding the environmental concentrations of these PCAs in aquatic food chains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary accumulation and quantitative structure‐activity relationships for depuration and biotransformation of short (C₁₀), medium (C₁₄), and long (C₁₈) carbon‐chain polychlorinated alkanes by juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Fisk

Tomy

Cymbalisty

et al. 2000

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…However, information on the distribution and metabolism in different animal species is still limited. Recent studies using defined chloroalkanes of industrial mixtures have shown that the carbon chain length and/or the degree or chlorination influence on the disposition of the preparations (Bengtsson and Baumann Ofstad 1982;Biessmann et al 1982;Nilsen and Toftghrd 1981;. In the present paper the disposition of a highly chlorinated hexadecane in mouse and quail is studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Chlorinated paraffins: Disposition of a highly chlorinated polychlorohexadecane in mice and quail

1983

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Uniformly 14C-labelled 1-chloro-polychlorohexadecane (PCHD) of high chlorine content (69% w/w) was given to Japanese quail and to C57Bl mice perorally (p.o.) and intravenously (i.v.). The degradation of PCHD to 14CO2, measured during 8 h, was found to be minute (about 1% of dose) in both species after either route of administration. In mice 66 and 43% of dose was eliminated in the feces during 96 h following p.o. and i.v. administration, respectively; the urinary excretion was about 3% in both cases. In quail, the combined fecal and urinary excretion during 96 h after p.o. administration was 58% of dose. The autoradiographic distribution following p.o. administration showed some general similarities between mice and quail; high radioactivities were present in bile, liver, kidney, and intestinal contents up to 24 h after administration. In addition, in quail high radioactivity was present in the hypophysis, retina, blood, and egg yolk. In mice strong accumulation and retention was observed in the corpora lutea up to 30 days after administration. A long time retention in fat occurred in both species.

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Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology of Polychlorinated n-Alkanes

Tomy

Fisk

Westmore

et al. 1998

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

127

150

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Comparative distribution and metabolism of two 14C-labelled chlorinated paraffins in Japanese quail Coturnix coturnix japonica

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Dietary accumulation and quantitative structure‐activity relationships for depuration and biotransformation of short (C₁₀), medium (C₁₄), and long (C₁₈) carbon‐chain polychlorinated alkanes by juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Dietary accumulation and quantitative structure‐activity relationships for depuration and biotransformation of short (C₁₀), medium (C₁₄), and long (C₁₈) carbon‐chain polychlorinated alkanes by juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Chlorinated paraffins: Disposition of a highly chlorinated polychlorohexadecane in mice and quail

Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology of Polychlorinated n-Alkanes

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Comparative distribution and metabolism of two 14C-labelled chlorinated paraffins in Japanese quail Coturnix coturnix japonica

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Dietary accumulation and quantitative structure‐activity relationships for depuration and biotransformation of short (C10), medium (C14), and long (C18) carbon‐chain polychlorinated alkanes by juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Dietary accumulation and quantitative structure‐activity relationships for depuration and biotransformation of short (C10), medium (C14), and long (C18) carbon‐chain polychlorinated alkanes by juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Chlorinated paraffins: Disposition of a highly chlorinated polychlorohexadecane in mice and quail

Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology of Polychlorinated n-Alkanes

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Dietary accumulation and quantitative structure‐activity relationships for depuration and biotransformation of short (C₁₀), medium (C₁₄), and long (C₁₈) carbon‐chain polychlorinated alkanes by juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Dietary accumulation and quantitative structure‐activity relationships for depuration and biotransformation of short (C₁₀), medium (C₁₄), and long (C₁₈) carbon‐chain polychlorinated alkanes by juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)