Comparative chemical analysis of dew and rain water

Lekouch, Imad; Mileta, Marina; Muselli, Marc; Milimouk-Melnytchouk, I.; Šojat, Višnja; Kabbachi, Belkacem; Beysens, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.10.002

Cited by 54 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…During dew formation on the collection surface, cation (Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ ) rich particles could have entrapped within the droplet and therefore, the solubility of these ions from particles was more in dew whereas fog water-particle interactions take place in ambient air. Lekouch et al (2010) have reported higher pH of dew (avg = 6.7) in comparison to rain (avg = 6.4) due to variations in the atmospheric composition of aerosols and gas with altitude and time of exposure by raindrop and dew drop. In addition, pH depends on the dissolution of gases like CO 2 , SO 2 , NO 3 and particles during droplet growth, condensation volume and condensation time (Lekouch et al, 2010), the duration of time of exposure (Beysens et al, 2006) and pollutant concentrations in ambient atmosphere, wind dispersion, rainfall before fog and dew events (Ali et al, 2004).…”

Section: Ph and Conductivity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, fog chemistry is influenced by number and composition of the particles, gaseous species (Herckes et al, 2007;Lekouch et al, 2011) as well as by the moisture content and temperature in ambient atmosphere. Dew water chemistry is also influenced by nature of surface on which it is formed (Beysens et al, 2006;Lekouch et al, 2010). Hence, fog and dew are good indicators to understand pollution sources and chemical interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study on Fog and Dew Water Chemistry at New Delhi, India

Nath

Yadav

2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Fog and dew, formed via different formation mechanisms, are suitable to study the liquid-gas-solid phase chemical interactions in the ambient atmosphere. A total of 24 fog and 19 dew samples were collected using Caltech Active Strand Cloud water Collector 2 and dew condensers, respectively, over New Delhi during winter months of 2014-15 and were characterised for pH and soluble inorganic ion using ion chromatograph. Dew samples were alkaline (pH = 6.26 ± 0.37) in comparison to natural rainwater pH of 5.6 and fog collected at rooftop (pH = 5.38 ± 1.3) and at ground level (pH = 5.96 ± 0.3). The volume weighted mean equivalents of cations followed the order NH ) and dew (Ca 2+ > NH 4 + > Mg 2+ ). The differences in the fog and dew composition are primarily linked to their formation processes.The agricultural fields and fossil fuel combustion were sources for ammonium, sulphates, nitrate and nitrite whereas locally resuspended crustal materials added calcium and magnesium carbonates. Vehicular and plant emissions, biomass burning and the oxidation of volatile organic compounds seems to be responsible for higher organic acids in dew and fog.

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Section: Ph and Conductivity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on Fog and Dew Water Chemistry at New Delhi, India

Nath

Yadav

2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Similar results were obtained, among others, by BEYSENS et al, (2006a) in Bordeaux. A few times higher EC values were reported during research studies conducted by JIRIES, (2001), MUSELLI et al, (2006a), POLKOWSKA et al (2008) and LEKOUCH et al (2010b in Jordan, France, Poland and Croatia, respectively. LEKOUCH et al (2010a) indicated the average EC value as high as 725 lS/cm determined during the scientific survey performed in Morocco.…”

Section: Conductivity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Similar proposals in the theoretical considerations were presented by NILSSON, (1996) using a function of air temperature. The conducted measurements indicate that the greatest efficiency of dew formation (about 0.6 L/m 2 ) during a single dew episode was observed in the subtropical and semi-arid tropical zones in Israel, Croatia and India (BERKOWICZ et al, 2007;MUSELLI et al, 2009;LEKOUCH et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dew Formation and Chemistry Near a Motorway in Poland

Gałek

Sobik

Błaś

et al. 2011

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Abstract-In this study, the influence of traffic intensity on dew formation efficiency and chemistry is presented. The measurements were conducted near the A4 motorway in SW Poland in almost flat land relief with intense agricultural activity. The dew/hoarfrost was collected by means of insulated plain passive radiative condensers at three sites: AN and AS located in the close vicinity of the motorway (30 m) on the opposite sides of the road, and AR, representing rural background conditions beyond the motorway influence. Measurements were conducted in two short campaigns in April and September 2009 with 9 and 10 collection days respectively. The average daily efficiency of dew formation was 0.179 L/ m 2 . Its value for AN, AS and AR was on average 0.170, 0.199 and 0.173 L/m 2 , respectively. The efficiency of dew formation at measurement sites located on both sides of the road differed by up to about 200% during an individual dew episode. Maximum daily value reached 0.389 L/m 2 . The average volume-weighted pH was acidic and ranged from 4.29 (AS) to 4.58 (AR). The electric conductivity (EC) at all measurement sites was relatively low reaching on average 55.9 lS/cm for AN, 62.2 lS/cm for AS and 35.8 lS/cm for AR. The average volume-weighted TIC parameter (total ionic content) reached the value of 0.62 meq/L (AN and AS) and 0.38 meq/L (AR). Both EC and TIC values indicated strong influence of the motorway at sites located in its close vicinity (AN and AS). Depending on airflow direction during individual dew collection events, AN or AS sites were situated alternatively on windward or leeward side of the road, which distinctly influenced dew formation and chemistry: the leeward condenser was characterized by smaller water volume, higher EC and higher TIC when compared both with its windward counterpart and the background site. The ionic structure of the collected samples was similar at all measurement sites. The largest share had NO 3 -anion (28-32%) and Ca 2? cation (22-25%). Thus, air pollution was relatively low in the vicinity of the A4 motorway in SW Poland not exceeding the typical values for urban background stations.

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Measurements and ecological implications of non‐rainfall water in desert ecosystems—A review

Kidron

Starinsky

2019

Ecohydrology

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The current review focuses on the contribution of non-rainfall water (NRW) to arid and semiarid regions (with a focus on the Negev), where NRW may provide a constant source of water that may facilitate the survival of different organisms, especially microorganisms. Factors that determine the amounts of NRW and the contribution of NRW to plants and organisms are discussed. Nevertheless, although important, significant variation exists regarding the amounts of NRW, which may stem from improper use or inherent drawbacks of some of the measurement devices. This may lead to erroneous conclusions regarding the possible role played by NRW. For instance, with prokaryotes (bacteria and cyanobacteria) requiring liquid water (≥0.1 mm) for growth, small inaccuracies in NRW around this threshold may either lead to the conclusion that NRW is sufficiently high to facilitate their growth, or rather, is too low to facilitate their growth. Arguing that some of the devices used to measure NRW may greatly overestimate the amounts, the possible contribution of NRW to soil bacteria and cyanobacterial biocrusts is analysed. We suggest that although NRW may assist the growth and survival of mosses and some types of lichens (mostly non-crustose), no conclusive findings were thus far reported regarding the use of dew for cyanobacteria growth. The use of dew by cyanobacterial crust for growth should be critically examined, and the possibility that NRW may even result in a negative carbon balance for cyanobacterial crusts should be considered.

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Comparative chemical analysis of dew and rain water

Cited by 54 publications

References 26 publications

A Comparative Study on Fog and Dew Water Chemistry at New Delhi, India

A Comparative Study on Fog and Dew Water Chemistry at New Delhi, India

Dew Formation and Chemistry Near a Motorway in Poland

Measurements and ecological implications of non‐rainfall water in desert ecosystems—A review

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