Comparative characterization of gum rosins for their use as sustainable additives in polymeric matrices

Abstract

There is a growing interest in the use of non‐polluting compounds, which come from renewable sources, and which performance in their scope is equivalent to their synthetic similes. In this work, five types of rosins from different sources were studied, verifying the existence of differences that can be inferred in their subsequent use and application as material additives. For the study, rosins were analyzed using gas‐mass chromatographic techniques, infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and color characterization. The results showed that the samples are composed of either abietic acid or by its structural isomers in contents higher than 80%. FTIR shows that the main difference in the gum rosins is related to the proclivity to absorb environmental moisture and that this technique is not enough to differentiate them. Moreover, the DSC reveals that the gum rosins present enthalpy relaxation effects due to their manufacturing process. The TGA showed that gum rosins are thermally stable until 200°C, therefore they can be successfully blended with thermoplastic polymers. Finally, the color characterization shows little differences between the samples, being CA the gum rosin with the greatest total color differences.

A New Route of Valorization of Petrochemical Wastewater: Recovery of 1,3,5-Tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl benzyl)–1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-trione (Cyanox 1790) and Its Subsequent Application in a PP Matrix to Improve Its Thermal Stability

“…Oxidation is a process that can occur during the manufacture of polyolefins and can affect the quality and properties of polyolefins. Polymers can be sensitive to oxidation due to the presence of double bonds or carbonyl groups, which are vulnerable points to oxidation [29,30,55,56]. Due to its extremely low density, polypropylene (PP) is a polymer of petrochemical origin that is widely used in many sectors because it can be heated, cooled, and reheated without losing its composition.…”

Experimental–Density Functional Theory (DFT) Study of the Inhibitory Effect of Furan Residues in the Ziegler–Natta Catalyst during Polypropylene Synthesis

“…The choice of this model was based on previous calculations that suggested that the coordination of TiCl 4 to the (104) plane is weak or even unstable. In comparison, the coordination of TiCl 4 to the (110) plane is energetically favorable [14]. a suitable acceptor of electrons and is willing to accept electrons from other atoms or molecules.…”

Autocatalytic influence of different levels of arsine on the thermal stability and pyrolysis of polypropylene

“…TGA was performed on a Perkin Elmer TGA7 thermogravimetric analyzer at a heating rate of 20 • C min − 1 with a scan range from room temperature to 600 • C. In each test, a 10 mg sample was examined under N 2 with a flowing rate of 60 mL min − 1 [52]. With the TG and DTG curves, all the thermal degradation data was obtained [59,60].…”