Comparative biochemical responses and antioxidant activities of the rabbit urinary bladder to whole grapes versus resveratrol

Abstract

The objective of this study is to compare the antioxidant activity of a whole-grape suspension with the antioxidant activity or pure resveratrol on the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on malondialdehyde (MDA) generation, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, calcium ATPase activity, and sarcoendoplasmic reticular ATPase (SERCA) of the male rabbit urinary bladder. MDA was used as a model for the effect of H2O2 on lipid peroxidation. ChAT, SERCA, and calcium ATPase were evaluated based on their importance in urinary bladder physiology and pathology. Four male rabbit bladders were used. Each bladder was separated into muscle and mucosa, frozen under liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 °C for biochemical evaluation. The effect of H2O2 on the enzymes listed above was determined in the presence and absence of either resveratrol or a whole-grape suspension. (1) Resveratrol was significantly more effective than the grape suspension at protecting the bladder muscle and mucosa against peroxidation as quantitated by MDA formation. (2) The grape suspension was significantly more effective at protecting ChAT activity against oxidative stress of the muscle than resveratrol. (3) Neither the grape suspension nor resveratrol were particularly effective at protecting the bladder muscle or mucosa calcium ATPase or SERCA against oxidative stress. (4) ChAT was significantly more sensitive to oxidative stress than either calcium ATPase or SERCA. These data support the idea that the grape suspension protects the mitochondria and nerve terminals to a significantly greater degree than resveratrol which suggests that the activities of the grape suspension are due to the combination of active components found in the grape suspension and not just resveratrol alone.

In Vitro and In Vivo Biocompatible and Controlled Resveratrol Release Performances of HEMA/Alginate and HEMA/Gelatin IPN Hydrogel Scaffolds

“…An additional goal of this study is to evaluate their applicability as a platform for controlled bioactive agent resveratrol release. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural, bioactive agent with great beneficial effects (cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-obesity) [ 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 ]. To evaluate in vitro controlled resveratrol release potential from HA and HG hydrogel scaffolds series release study was performed in a phosphate buffer of pH 7.40, at 37 °C, for a shorter period of time.…”

“…The nutraceutical agent resveratrol (RSV) belongs to the stilbene family of phytoalexins and is produced by several plants either in response to injury or when the plant is under attack by pathogens (bacteria or fungi). RSV has physiological functions and possesses a great beneficial effects, such as being cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-obesity, immunomodulatory, and anti-cancer properties [ 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ]. Resveratrol has been shown to suppress fibroblast proliferation and induce apoptosis, which inhibits fibrogenesis in keloids [ 72 ].…”

The effect of α-and δ-tocopherol-lipoic acid ester co-drugs on the response of the rabbit bladder to in vitro ischemia/reperfusion

“…These studies demonstrated that although resveratrol (the proposed major antioxidant of grapes) had an extremely potent in vitro antioxidant activity, it was not nearly as effective as the whole grape preparation in protecting the bladder from oxidative stress. [41,42] As mentioned previously, several clinical studies on the effectiveness of specific antioxidants on specific diseases linked to oxidative stress have been disappointing. [43][44][45][46] The bladder SM and mucosal cells have both lipid components (cell wall, intracellular organelle wall) and aqueous components (intracellular fluid).…”

Efficacy of resveratrol in male urogenital tract dysfunctions: an evaluation of pre-clinical data

“…The effects of resveratrol in the bladder have also been addressed using in vitro assays (Table 2). For instance, resveratrol at 4 mM reduced the oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxidase (H 2 O 2 ) in rabbit bladder smooth muscle and mucosa (26) . Notably, in all the in vivo and in vitro studies mentioned above, the high efficacy of resveratrol was associated with reduced systemic and/or tissue oxidative stress biomarker expression.…”