Comparative assessment of the effect of aflatoxin B1 on hepatic dysfunction in some mammalian and avian species

Gawai, Kachru R.; Vodela, J. K.; Dalvi, Prasad S.; Dalvi, R. R.

doi:10.1016/0742-8413(92)90296-j

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Enzymes such as SOD, GSH-Px, GST, and GR are crucial components of the antioxidant system and play a key role in removing oxygen free radicals and relieving oxidative damage. Our study indicated that diets containing AFB 1 and AFB 2 significantly reduced hepatic protein content and increased hepatic GST and GR activities, a finding supported by other reports (Gawai et al, 1992;Quezada et al, 2000;Valdivia et al, 2001). The toxic damage of AFB 1 depends on its second metabolite of AFB 1 -8,9-expoxide.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Effects of feeding corn naturally contaminated with aflatoxin B1 and B2 on hepatic functions of broilers

et al. 2012

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding corn naturally contaminated with aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) and aflatoxin B(2) (AFB(2)) on serum biochemical parameters, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, and pathological lesions of broilers. In total, 1,200 Cobb male broilers were randomly allocated into 5 treatments, with 8 replicates per treatment and 30 birds per replicate, in a 42-d experiment. The dietary treatments were as follows: control, 25, 50, 75, and 100% contaminated corn groups. Results showed that serum aspartate aminotransferase activity in the 75 and 100% contaminated groups were higher than that in the control group on d 21 (P < 0.05). Decreased content of hepatic total protein and increased activities of hepatic glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase were observed as the percentage of contaminated corn increased (P < 0.05). The activity of superoxide dismutase and the content of hepatic malondialdehyde increased when the broilers were fed with more than 50% contaminated corn (P < 0.05). A reduction in glutathione peroxidase level was observed in the AFB(1)- and AFB(2)-contaminated groups on d 21 (P < 0.05). The average pathological lesion scores and apoptosis rate of liver cells increased as the concentration of dietary AFB(1) and AFB(2) increased. Ultrastructural changes were found in the livers of broilers fed 100% contaminated corn. In conclusion, diets containing AFB(1) and AFB(2) could induce pathological lesions in the livers, slightly change the serum biochemical parameters, and damage the hepatic antioxidant functions when the inclusion of AFB(1)- and AFB(2)-contaminated corn reached or exceeded 50%.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Effects of feeding corn naturally contaminated with aflatoxin B1 and B2 on hepatic functions of broilers

et al. 2012

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“…However, there are contradictory results in the literature about the effects of aflatoxins on enzyme activity. Gawai et al (1992) reported an increase in AST and ALT activity in rats which were fed diets with 1.5 mg of aflatoxins per kilogram of body weight. On the other hand, Stanley et al (1993) reported that animals that received diets with 5 mg kg -1 of aflatoxins had a reduction in the activities of the ALT, AST and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes.…”

Section: Biochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Utilization of diets amended with yeast and amino acids for the control of aflatoxicosis

Baptista¹,

Abdalla²,

Aguiar³

et al. 2008

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Although the effects of aflatoxin on animal performance have been well established in previous studies, there are few studies reporting on the relationship between aflatoxin and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to minimize aflatoxicosis was evaluated. An aflatoxin-free diet and six contaminated diets (400 lg kg -1 aflatoxin) were formulated with five diets containing the viable yeast (Y1026 or Y904). A 28-day bioassay using 21-day-old and 60-g body weight Wistar rats was conducted. The results showed that there were no significant (P [ 0.05) differences for: food consumption; daily weight gain; food conversion, and enzyme activity. Hepatic tissues from the aflatoxin control group suffered from hepatotoxicity, cellular disorganization, and hepatocyte necrosis. The inclusion of yeast or yeast and amino acids (methionine and cysteine) reduced the toxicity.

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“…This suggestion can find support in the previous study of Wild et al (17) which proved that increased liver injury may modulate AFB1 metabolism. The relationship of ALT elevation and AFB1 and vice versa can also be supported through considering the early work of Thaxton and Hamilton (18) and Gawai et al (19) in which the proved the elevation of ALT, as indication of acute liver injury, in birds that had been given a single dose of aflatoxin compared to control untreated birds. The reported increase of ALT in AFB1 positive patients can also find support in more recent studies which demonstrate the significant increase of ALT among other biochemical parameters in rats fed AFB1 (20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Relationship between Aflatoxin B1 Exposure and Etiology of Liver Disease in Saudi Arabian Patients

Farag

Alayobi²,

Alsaleh

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Abstract:Background: Exposure to chronic low levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination can lead to immune suppression and nutritional consequences that might greatly contributed in the increase of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The toxicity of AFB1 is greatly vary between different population, affected by age, gender, and environmental factors. Material and subjects: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was measured in 50 blood samples collected from non B, C hepatitis viruses and non CMV-Ab liver disease patients from different general hospitals and polyclinic in KSA during period 01-2013 to 06-2014. All Patients demonstrate elevation of ALT and AST with unknown etiology. Serum samples were obtained and kept at −20 °C for AFB1detection. Results: Out of the 50 blood samples, 38 demonstrate a detectable serum level of AFB1 while the remaining 12 patients were AFB1 negative and used as control participants. While AST was non-significantly different in AFB1 exposed patients, ALT was significantly higher in AFB1 positive samples compared to control AFB1-negative. AFB1 was positively correlated with AST and ALT as liver function enzymes and with age as a risk factor of long duration of AFB1 chronic exposure. Multiple linear regression analysis ascertained the association between AFB1 chronic exposure and ALT increase in liver dysfunction Saudi patients. Conclusion: Measurement of elevated ALT as marker of liver injury in AFB1 chronically exposed Saudi patients can help to avoid the future development of HCC. Moreover, early detection of AFB1 exposure, together with early vaccination against HBV and HCV can remove the synergistic effects of these two etiological factors and thus decrease the risk of developing liver cancer.

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Comparative assessment of the effect of aflatoxin B1 on hepatic dysfunction in some mammalian and avian species

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of feeding corn naturally contaminated with aflatoxin B1 and B2 on hepatic functions of broilers

Effects of feeding corn naturally contaminated with aflatoxin B1 and B2 on hepatic functions of broilers

Utilization of diets amended with yeast and amino acids for the control of aflatoxicosis

Relationship between Aflatoxin B1 Exposure and Etiology of Liver Disease in Saudi Arabian Patients

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