Comparative Assessment of Reference Evapotranspiration Estimation Using Conventional Method and Machine Learning Algorithms in Four Climatic Regions

Raza, Ali; Shoaib, Muhammad; Faiz, Muhammad Abrar; Baig, Faisal; Khan, Mudasser Muneer; Ullah, Muhammad Kaleem; Zubair, Muhammad

doi:10.1007/s00024-020-02473-5

Cited by 39 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Several factors including hidden/output layer, weights and neurons, activation functions, network and other tuning parameters helped in determining suitable model. These factors are explicitly explained in Raza et al [17][18]. It was noted that these models produced good results using fewer inputs which resembled with field calculations.…”

Section: Development Of Soft Computing Modelsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The structure of soft computing model depends upon its input/output dataset, neurons and activation [17], neurons in input/hidden/output layers accounted preeminent factor for determining structure of model. Alternatively, the structure in tree based soft computing models could be determined by considering its depth, size and level [18]. However, the models based on gene expression programming (GEP) formulated an equation for determining input-output relationship.…”

Section: Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The creation of a separate ET o model with help of soft computing approaches for each station is another important matter. In addition, the development of a generalized ET o model for the accurate ET o estimation in all stations within an area has been considered by a small number of studies such as [17,18,44]. This becomes significant in case of developing countries where climatic data of mostly stations is missing or not available due to technical issues.…”

Section: Reviewed Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review on Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration under Prisma Guidelines

Raza¹,

Hu²,

Shoaib³

et al. 2021

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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IntroductionMitigation of water shortage has become a critical issue of the 21 st century and labeled as blue gold. The agriculture sector is ranked as the highest consumptive user of water in most of the countries. The water withdrawal from the total amount of water in developing counties is estimated nearly 81% while it is accounted for 71% globally. In addition, more than 55% of all the world's fresh water withdrawals are allocated towards irrigation use [1]. Reference evapotranspiration (ET o ) is the principal component of the global hydrological cycle which affects irrigation, water requirement and crops yield. It consists of evaporation and transpiration processes. The phenomenon in which water moves from the land surface to the atmosphere is called evaporation while transpiration is the process in which plant roots

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Section: Development Of Soft Computing Modelsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewed Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Systematic Review on Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration under Prisma Guidelines

Raza¹,

Hu²,

Shoaib³

et al. 2021

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

Self Cite

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“…V-fold cross-validation has been currently used to test and validate the input data. The SCG parameters which require to run the developed model are given in Table 2 (Raza, 2020).…”

Section: Granger Causality Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

India's Military Procurement Programs & Economic Capacity: Compatibility & Pragmatism

Fahmeed

Bukhari

Ahmad

2020

JBSEE

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In a world of Realpolitik, each state in the world always looks for increasing its power; some for the purpose of their survival and some seek to fulfill their hegemonic ambitions. Having a huge population, territory, economy, and military, the states like India usually desire to establish their hegemony; therefore, it is not surprising that India wants to achieve a Great Power status in world politics. Although India has great numbers in each area of strategic significance it lacks qualitative capacity in terms of military strength where the advanced weapon systems are the backbone of a country’s military power. In order to fill this gap, the Indian government has announced very ambitious military modernization programs and is concluding various military procurement programs around the world bearing huge costs while the big arms-exporting countries are getting involved in such ambitious military modernization programs of India. Over the past few years, it has been observed that the Indian economy has not been able to fulfill the costs of military modernization programs and the gap between the estimated costs of military procurements and the budget allocation is continuously increasing. Therefore, this study hypothesized that Indian military procurement programs and Indian economic capacity are not compatible with each other, which shall have perilous effects for the countries involved in such projects. This study provides an analysis of Indian economic growth and its comparison with the costs of India’s military procurements and finds that the stated hypothesis is correct to the extent of compatibility difference between the Indian economic capacity and military procurement cost.

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“…Several comparative studies have been conducted to determine the best method for calculating evapotranspiration [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model Identification and Control of Evapotranspiration for Irrigation Water Optimization

Difallah¹,

Bounaama²,

Draoui³

et al. 2022

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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Water conservation starts from rationalizing irrigation, as it is the largest consumer of this vital source. Following the critical and urgent nature of this issue, several works have been proposed. The idea of most researchers is to develop irrigation management systems to meet the water needs of plants with optimal use of this resource. In fact, irrigation water requirement is only the amount of water that must be applied to compensate the evapotranspiration loss. Penman-Monteith equation is the most common formula to evaluate reference evapotranspiration, but it requires many factors that cannot be available in many cases. This leads to a trend towards behavior model estimation. System identification with control is one of the most promising applications in this axis. The idea behind this proposal depends on three stages: First, the estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) by a linear ARX model, where temperature, relative humidity, insolation duration and wind speed are used as inputs, and ET0 estimated by Penman-Monteith equation as output. The results show that the values estimated by this method were in good agreement with the measured data. The second part of this paper is to manage the quantity of water. For this purpose, two controllers are used for testing, lead-lag and PID. To adjust the first controller and optimize the choice of its parameters, Nelder-Mead algorithm is used. In the last part, a comparative study is done between the two used controllers.

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Comparative Assessment of Reference Evapotranspiration Estimation Using Conventional Method and Machine Learning Algorithms in Four Climatic Regions

Cited by 39 publications

References 58 publications

A Systematic Review on Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration under Prisma Guidelines

A Systematic Review on Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration under Prisma Guidelines

India's Military Procurement Programs & Economic Capacity: Compatibility & Pragmatism

Model Identification and Control of Evapotranspiration for Irrigation Water Optimization

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