Comparative Anatomy of Human and Sheep Laryngeal Skeleton

Abstract

In a macroscopical study the dimensions of the adult laryngeal skeleton of man and sheep were compared. In both species the data for male and female were evaluated separately. In contrast to pronounced differences in size between male and female human larynges, the dimensions of both sexes in sheep proved to be very similar. In respect of 7 size values, the sheep larynx falls in the range between the male and female human larynx. This applies to most values for height, the antero-posterior diameter and the inferior breadth of the thyroid cartilage. In the sheep cricoid, the height of the lamina and the inner transverse diameter correspond closely to the human counterpart. The most conspicuous differences vis-à-vis the human larynx are the narrowing of the upper portion, the absent upper incisure of the thyroid and the relatively large dimensions of the arytenoid cartilages in sheep. Since in sheep the dimensions at the level of the glottis and of the subglottic space are within the range of the human larynx, the suitability of the sheep larynx as a model for experimental clinical laryngology is discussed.

Hemoglobinopati Hastalarında Hepatit B, Hepatit C ve HIV Seroprevalansı

“…Even though the literature reveals number of studies on the laryngeal morphometry, the values vary considerably 4,6,7 . Most of the studies in the literature have focused on the individual cartilages of the larynx 2,5,8 .…”

“…length, transverse diameter and anteroposterior diameter are greater in the male than in the female. Zrunek and his coworkers had stated that the dimensions of male human larynges are 10-30% greater than in females 6 . However no significant differences were observed between different populations.…”

A New Method of Reconstructing the Human Laryngeal Architecture Using Micro-MRI

“…There are numerous studies that report original data on laryngeal anatomy obtained through gross anatomical examination of multiple specimens. [1][2][3][4] However, it is difficult to combine the data from such examinations into a complete three-dimensional (3D) model. Histological slicing has been used in other organ systems to create 3D reconstructions after two-dimensional (2D) segmentation 5 ; however, this method is problematic in laryngeal modeling because different laryngeal tissues have different deformation ratios during the slicing process, obscuring the true anatomical shape.…”

Alternatives to the use of live animals in military medical trauma training

“…However, this discussion, along with similar model critiques by others (Sternbach and Rosen 1977;Woakes and Cranwell 1977;Kaplan and Timmons 1979;Mattsson et al 1980;Loew 1982;Gay 1983;Swindle 1983aSwindle , 1983bSwindle , 1984Swindle , 1986Swindle and Smith 1988;Kerrigan etal. 1986;Horneffer et al 1986;Zrunek et al 1988;Boothe and Hartsfield 1990;Powell et al 1991;Chapman et al 1994;Cameron et al 1994;and Chapman et al 1996) are invaluable to trauma trainers who must consider such issues in their own model selection. These authors note that there is not one best animal model for the simulation of man and that careful consideration must be given to the choice of the most appropriate model.…”