Comparative analysis of the immune system of an invasive bark beetle, Dendroctonus valens, infected by an entomopathogenic fungus

Xu, Letian; Zhang, Yiqiu; Zhang, Shihan; Deng, Jundan; Lü, Min; Zhang, Long-Wa; Jiang, Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2018.07.002

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although many of the signals we uncovered are specific to infection with Beauveria bassiana, we likely also uncovered some nonspecific immune signaling cascades to Beauveria bassiana infection, for example, non-pathogenic fungi or pesticides can also trigger insect immune responses. 13,[34][35][36] Besides, it might have been possible to draw conclusions about which genes or pathways were most relevant to efficient or aggressive colonization and control of the pest, if we treated the larval with Beauveria bassiana varying levels of pathogenicity. Interestingly, the fungal invading also led to the dysbiosis of host gut microbiota by suppressing the redox signaling system of Lymantria dispar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar conditions have been reported in Helicoverpa armigera and Dendroctonus valens. 13,27 Thus, the expression of these specific immune function genes elicited by Beauveria bassiana shows how the host resists adverse effects caused by the fungus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 The Lymantria dispar unigene sequences were obtained using tblastn method which compares known amino acid sequences of immune response genes for other insect species. 13,27 Subsequently, these immunity-related unigenes were manually confirmed.…”

Section: Rna Preparation and Rna-seqmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Eventually, the fungus kills the insect through physiological starvation and toxic reactions. 8,13 Paralleling the fungal infection, host cellular and humoral immune responses are activated once pathogens overcome host physical barrier. This immune reaction is primarily regulated by four innate immune signaling pathways including Toll, IMD, JAK/ STAT, and JNK.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporospatial modulation of Lymantria dispar immune system against an entomopathogenic fungal infection

Bai

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Lymantria dispar is an economically impactful forest pest worldwide. The entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana shows great promise in pest management due to its high lethality in Lymantria dispar. A complete understanding of the immune interactions between the pest and the pathogenic fungus is essential to actualizing biological pest management. RESULTS: Following the infection of Lymantria dispar by Beauveria bassiana spores, we performed a time-course analysis of transcriptome in Lymantria dispar fat bodies and hemocytes to explore host immune response. A total of 244 immunity-related genes including pattern recognition receptors, extracellular signal modulators, immune pathways (Toll, IMD, JNK and JAK/ STAT), and response effectors were identified. We observed contrasting tissue and time-specific differences in the expression of immune genes. At the early stage of infection, several recognition receptors and effector genes were activated, while the signal modulation and effector genes were suppressed at later stages. Further enzyme activity-based assays coupled with gene expression analysis of prophenoloxidase revealed a significant upregulation of phenoloxidase activity at 48-and 72-h postinfection. Moreover, fungal infection led to dysbiosis in gut microbiota that seems to be partially attributed to reduced gut hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) amount, which indicates a significant impact of fungal infection on host gut microbes. CONCLUSION: Our study provides a comprehensive sequence resource and crucial new insights about an economically important forest pest. Specifically, we elucidate the complicated multipartite interaction between host and fungal pathogen and contribute to a better understanding of Lymantria dispar anti-fungal immunity, resulting in better tools for biological pest control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rna Preparation and Rna-seqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporospatial modulation of Lymantria dispar immune system against an entomopathogenic fungal infection

Bai

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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“…The assembly was conducted with the Trinity software (Haas et al, 2013) using the jellyfish kmer method (with default parameter settings). Gene annotations were performed using BLAST algorithm-based searches with an E-value less than 1.0E-5 against the NR, NT, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, COG, and GO databases (Xu et al, 2018). The Unigenes were obtained for T. japonicus antennae, heads, and abdomen, respectively.…”

Section: Transcriptome Assembly and Annotation Of Functional Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Reception of Host Alarm Pheromone Component by the Odorant-Binding Proteins in the Samurai Wasp, Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

et al. 2020

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The samurai wasp, Trissolcus japonicus, is the predominant egg parasitoid of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, in its native range in China. (E)-2-Decenal is a major component of the alarm pheromone of H. halys, an important invasive insect pest with significant economic importance. T. japonicus can be strongly repelled by (E)-2-decenal, and thus its host location efficiency would be reduced in the field. Better understanding on the molecular basis of olfactory reception of this host alarm pheromone component by T. japonicus may provide opportunities to develop novel approaches to enhance biological control efficacy of the parasitoid against H. halys. We identified six Odorant Binding Proteins (OBPs) from T. japonicus by transcriptome sequencing, within which three classical OBPs were expressed in a heterologous expression system with E. coli, harvested, and then challenged with (E)-2-decenal in binding assay experiments. TjapOBP2 showed the highest binding ability to (E)-2decenal, compared to TjapOBP1 and TjapOBP3. Our results unambiguously suggest that TjapOBP2 would play an important role in discriminating (E)-2-decenal and could be a possible target for further intervention in the parasitoid-host system.

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Entomopathogenic fungi to control bark beetles: a review of ecological recommendations

Mann

Davis

2021

Pest Management Science

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There is considerable interest in applying entomopathogenic fungi as a biological control to limit insect populations due to their low environmental and human applicator impacts. However, despite many promising laboratory tests, there are few examples where these fungi were successfully applied to manage bark beetles. Here, we explore how environmental conditions unique to bark beetle habitats may have limited previous entomopathogenic fungus applications, including variable temperatures, ultraviolet light, bark beetle symbiotic microorganisms, tree phytochemicals, and cryptic bark beetle behaviors. Based on the existing literature, we provide a framework for interpreting the pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi to bark beetles, with emphasis on both standardizing and improving laboratory approaches to enhance field applications. Our synthesis indicates that most previous laboratory evaluations are conducted under conditions that are not representative of actual bark beetle systems; this may render fungal isolates functionally non‐pathogenic in field settings. We recommend that future studies place particular effort into understanding entomopathogen response to the presence of bark beetle symbiotic microorganisms, plant phytochemicals, and potential as a tree endophyte. Additionally, field application methods should aid entomopathogens in overcoming stressful conditions and allow the fungus to infect multiple bark beetle life stages. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Comparative analysis of the immune system of an invasive bark beetle, Dendroctonus valens, infected by an entomopathogenic fungus

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Temporospatial modulation of Lymantria dispar immune system against an entomopathogenic fungal infection

Temporospatial modulation of Lymantria dispar immune system against an entomopathogenic fungal infection

Olfactory Reception of Host Alarm Pheromone Component by the Odorant-Binding Proteins in the Samurai Wasp, Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

Entomopathogenic fungi to control bark beetles: a review of ecological recommendations

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