Comparative analysis of hazardous compounds on fly-ash from municipal waste incineration by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Abstract

Fly-ash samples from municipal incinerators in Canada and Norway were analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry preceded by fractionation on column chromatography. Qualitative and quantitative differences in the organic compounds identified were found between the two samples. Many of the same dioxin congeners were present in both samples; however, tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins were only detected in the Canadian sample.

Fly ash mediated reactions of phenol and monochlorophenols: oxychlorination, deep oxidation, and condensation

“…The formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) is a well-established fact (1), as is the presence of these compounds on fly ash produced by these facilities (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

Electrochemical sensors based on molecularly imprinted polymers for the detection of chlorophenols as emergent distributing chemicals (EDCs): a review

“…19 Chlorophenols have also been linked to the chlorination of drinking water, the manufacture of paper, and the distillation of wood. [20][21][22] Other environmental sources of chlorophenols include the biodegradation of insecticides and herbicides. 23 Numerous chlorophenols are produced as intermediate metabolites during herbicide breakdown, particularly 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid and insecticides.…”

Origin and fate of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole in cork bark and wine corks

“…is formed from the incineration of organic materials (Viau et al 1984), contributing to the ubiquitous presence of chlorophenols in the environment and providing opportunities for their accumulation in the tissues of living plants.…”