Comparative Analysis of 14c and Tga Techniques for the Quantification of the Biomass Content of End-of-Life Tires

Saiz-Rodríguez, Leticia; Bermejo-Muñoz, José María; Rodríguez-Díaz, Andrés; Fernández‐Torres, A.; Rubinos-Pérez, Antonio

doi:10.5254/rct.14.85993

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Using this calibration curve, the value of r of an unknown sample can be then determined, based on the height of the peaks for NR and SBR. However, it has been reported by authors of this chapter [17] that the correlation of the result for NR obtained by TG analysis and the actual content of NR in samples with known quantities of this elastomer is very bad. Like in the case of PY-GC/MS, this analysis technique is only valid for an estimation of the natural rubber content, independently of the accuracy of the results.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis (Tga)mentioning

confidence: 85%

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Determination of the Biomass Content of End-of-Life Tyres

Rodríguez¹,

Munoz²,

Zambon³

et al. 2017

Biomass Volume Estimation and Valorization for Energy

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Studies have been conducted in France and Spain for (1) the validation of sampling methods to achieve representative samples of end-of-life tyre (ELT) materials and (2) the comparison and validation of test methods to quantify their biomass content. Both studies conclude that the 14 C techniques are the most reliable techniques for determining the biomass content of end-of-life tyres. Indeed, thermogravimetry and pyrolysis-GC/MS do not lead to results consistent with the theoretical content of biogenic materials present in tyres, and results in both cases differ considerably from the known natural rubber content of the reference samples studied using thermogravimetric analysis. Furthermore, in the two last techniques, natural isoprene cannot be distinguished from synthetic isoprene. Results obtained with radiocarbon analysis based on 14 C contents could be used as reference values of the biomass content of the ELTs: in the ranges of 18-22% for passenger car tyres and 29-34% for truck tyres, in line with actual natural rubber and other components content. Additionally, the presence of textile fibres and stearic acid, which are known sources of biomass in the tyre, cannot be evaluated by thermogravimetry and pyrolysis-GC/MS techniques.

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Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis (Tga)mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Different test methods were identified in the literature for the determination of natural rubber content in blends that can thus be indirectly used for the quantification of biomass content in tyres [17].…”

Section: Test Methods For the Determination Of Biomass Content In Tyresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Biomass Content of End-of-Life Tyres

Rodríguez¹,

Munoz²,

Zambon³

et al. 2017

Biomass Volume Estimation and Valorization for Energy

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“…These results would be mainly related to the higher fraction of SBR in the composition of passenger car tires as compared with truck tires. 66 However, in both cases, the complexity of the vulcanized rubber blends is evident because they contain rubber from the different tire parts: tread, sidewall, and inner liner. The existence of different co-monomers in SBR with different local coupling topologies and complex spin dynamics (in terms of NMR signal) makes the dipolar coupling distribution broader, minimizing the differences caused by the rubber network structure (number and spatial distribution of cross-links).…”

Section: Network Structure Of Elt Crumb Rubbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Characterization of Recycled Rubber From End-of-Life Tires

Valentín

Pérez-Aparicio²,

Fernández‐Torres

et al. 2020

Rubber Chemistry and Technology

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There are currently many well-established applications for recycled rubber from end-of-life tires (ELT), but it is essential to investigate and seek new approaches to enhance the value of these products. Recent developments in new technologies and innovative recycling and devulcanization processes have opened up new perspectives for ELT crumb rubber. To promote the use of these products in newly added value applications, it is essential to develop and optimize methods that allow the characterization of parameters related to the ultimate properties of potential final applications. In this respect, a novel characterization methodology based on advanced 1H double-quantum (DQ) nuclear magnetic resonance experiments has been applied for the first time to quantify the key parameters that characterize the structure of ELT crumb rubber after diverse recycling processes: from simple mechanical grinding to complex devulcanization methods. This experimental approach enables the quantification of parameters that define the network structure of rubber, such as the nonelastic network defects (sol fraction, dangling chain ends, loops), the cross-link density, and the heterogeneity of the network, directly from rubber granulate and powder (without any additional sample preparation steps), overcoming most of the drawbacks and uncertainties that limit the application of traditional rubber characterization methods (e.g., equilibrium swelling experiments). By applying this experimental approach, it is possible to identify and quantify the actual technical limits for a complete selective devulcanization process of ELT crumb rubber.

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“…TGA offers a quantitative evaluation of the compounds present in the sample: Volatile, Rubber, Carbon black, and Ash. To complete the characterization, the content of natural rubber was obtained by the 14C technique, which is a reliable and precise method for determining the biomass content of rubber from end-of-life tyres [24].…”

Section: Laboratory Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Naphthenic-Aromatic Content of the Base Binder on the Characteristics of Crumb Rubber Modified Binders and Asphalt Mixtures

2019

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The extent of rubber-bitumen interaction in crumb rubber modified (CRM) binders depends on the contact time of rubber-bitumen as well as the temperature and mixing energy. However, this can vary depending on the composition of the base binders as well as the characteristics of the rubber particles (composition, method of grinding, and size). The present study aims to determine the influence of the composition of the base binders and the type of rubber on the properties of the crumb-rubber modified (CRM) binders and the performance of the asphalt mixtures produced with them. To carry out this project, two different base binders were chosen with the same penetration grade but different naphthenic-aromatic content (56.7 versus 46.0%). Additionally, different types of ambient ground rubber powder were evaluated: two different sources (70% of truck tyres +30% of passenger car tyres and 100% of truck tyres) and two different maximum particle sizes (0.8 and 1.25 mm). According to the main results of this study, higher naphthenic-aromatic content of the base binder results in greater modification of the CRM binders. Likewise, asphalt mixtures made with CRM binders from base binder with higher naphthenic-aromatic content appear to offer better performance in terms of water resistance and fatigue life.

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Comparative Analysis of 14c and Tga Techniques for the Quantification of the Biomass Content of End-of-Life Tires

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Determination of the Biomass Content of End-of-Life Tyres

Determination of the Biomass Content of End-of-Life Tyres

Advanced Characterization of Recycled Rubber From End-of-Life Tires

Influence of the Naphthenic-Aromatic Content of the Base Binder on the Characteristics of Crumb Rubber Modified Binders and Asphalt Mixtures

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