Comparative Acute Toxicity of Two Herbicides, Paraquat and Glyphosate, to Daphnia magna and D. spinulata

Alberdi, José Luis; Sáenz, María Elena; Marzio, Walter Darío Di; Tortorelli, M. C.

doi:10.1007/s001289900180

Cited by 65 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…In comparison to other pesticides such as Malathion, a widely used organophosphorus insecticide, the LC 50 for D. magna is 1-2.35 µg l -1 (LC 50 24 and 48 h; Keller andRuessler 1997, Cano et al 1999), and for D. rerio is 19.8 mg l -1 (LC 50 96 h; Lange et al 1995). As with BTO, Glyphosate (herbicide) can stimulate the growth of L. minor in (EC 50 = 2 µg l -1 ; 14 d) (Hartman and Martin 1984) but is toxic at low concentrations to D. magna (EC 50 = 95.96 µg l -1 ; 48 h) (Alberdi et al 1996). In the current study, the EC 50 values of BTO1 for the organisms tested ranged from between <30 and 866 mg BTO1 l -1 and is therefore much less toxic to most aquatic organisms than, for example, Malathion or Glyphosate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute toxicity of birch tar oil on aquatic organisms

Hagner¹,

PENTTINEN²,

Pasanen³

2008

AFSci

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Birch tar oil (BTO) is a by-product of processing birch wood in a pyrolysis system. Accumulating evidence suggests the suitability of BTO as a biocide or repellent in terrestrial environments for the control of weeds, insects, molluscs and rodents. Once applied as biocide, BTO may end up, either through run-off or leaching, in aquatic systems and may have adverse effects on non-target organisms. As very little is known about the toxicity of BTO to aquatic organisms, the present study investigated acute toxicity (LC 50 /EC 50 ) of BTO for eight aquatic organisms. Bioassays with the Asellus aquaticus (crustacean), Lumbriculus variegatus (oligochaeta worm), Daphnia magna (crustacean), Lymnea sp. (mollusc), Lemna minor (vascular plant), Danio rerio (fish), Scenedesmus gracilis (algae), and Vibrio fischeri (bacterium) were performed according to ISO, OECD or USEPA-guidelines. The results indicated that BTO was practically nontoxic to most aquatic organisms as the median effective BTO concentrations against most organisms were > 150 mg l -1 . In conclusion, our toxicity tests showed that aquatic organisms are to some extent, invariably sensitive to birch tar oil, but suggest that BTO does not pose a severe hazard to aquatic biota. We deduce that, unless BTOs are not applied in the immediate vicinity of water bodies, no special precaution is required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute toxicity of birch tar oil on aquatic organisms

Hagner¹,

PENTTINEN²,

Pasanen³

2008

AFSci

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“…According to some study, the 48hr LC50 value of Glyphosate was 42 ppm to D. magna [49]. A group of scientists has reported almost five times for the same species higher at 48hr LC50 (250 ppm) [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphorus pesticides toxicity on brine shrimp artemia

Ali¹,

Mohamed²,

Kumar³

et al. 2018

J. CleanWAS

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Present investigation discusses the toxic effects of two organophosphorus pesticides (Malathion) and (Glyphosate) on brine shrimp, Artemia in static acute toxicity tests (24hr and 48hr). Toxicity tests were performed at a temperature of 27±1⁰C with a photoperiod of 12h light and 12h dark. Ten healthy nauplii were exposed to five different concentrations of Malathion (10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 ppm) and Glyphosate (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 ppm) along with a control group. Finney's Probit analysis was used to determine the 24h/48h LC50 values and were found to be 58.3 and 17.3 ppm, 0.028 and 0.019 ppm for Malathion and Glyphosate, respectively. Of the two pesticides tested Glyphosate was found to be significantly more toxic to Artemia nauplii than that of Malathion (P < 0.05).

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“…POEA can contribute with more than the 90% of Roundup ® toxicity (Tsui & Chu, 2003) On the other hand, commercial formulations without POEA (e.g. Ron-Do ® , Rodeo ® and Roundup bioactive ® ) showed lower toxicity (Alberdi et al, 1996;Tsui & Chu, 2004) than other formulations (Table 3).…”

Section: Effects On Non-target Aquatic Invertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%