Comparative ablation rate from a Er: YAG laser on enamel and dentin of primary and permanent teeth

Ablation Rate and Morphology of Superficial and Deep Dentin Irradiated with Different Er:YAG Laser Energy Levels

“…This behavior was previously described as saturation-type behavior, and shows the effect of shielding resulting from ablation products being incompletely removed and deposited at the irradiated site. 35,44 Somewhat different results were found by Shigetani et al, 42 who obtained differences between 50 mJ and 100 mJ, and between 150 mJ and 200 mJ. This discrepancy may be attributable to differences in laser devices, pulse repetition rates, and the types of substrate employed.…”

“…The explanation is based on the principle that the higher the energy level per pulse, the higher the energy density per pulse, and consequently the greater inertial-confined heating of water creates enormous subsurface pressures that lead to the microexplosive removal of the surrounding mineral matrix, and consequently more ablation of the tissue. 35,43 On the other hand, small increases in the energy levels did not result in significant amounts of dentin removal. These results suggest that regardless of the dentin depth, there is a similar amount of tissue removed when the energy level is not greatly increased.…”

“…[34][35][36][37] The amount of tissue removed is thought to increase in proportion to the Er:YAG laser energy level. However, with increased ablation efficiency, the dentin microstructure may be affected by the thermal effect, and the resulting surface may vary from a white spot to charring, fusion, roughening, melting, recrystallization, cracking, and both de-and remineralization and deproteinization.…”

“…However, with increased ablation efficiency, the dentin microstructure may be affected by the thermal effect, and the resulting surface may vary from a white spot to charring, fusion, roughening, melting, recrystallization, cracking, and both de-and remineralization and deproteinization. 8,10,13,[38][39][40][41] Some researchers [34][35][36]42 indicate that adjustments to variable parameters, including irradiation time, water spray flow rate, pulse energy, and pulse repetition rate, should be made to improve the ablation ability of the laser. Moreover, different depths of dentin should be considered as an additional variable affecting the ablation rate.…”

Hard tooth tissue removal efficiency by single-mode low energy Er:YAG laser

“…Comparing our results with the results described in the literature is difficult. Primarily it is due to the fact that the results of the closest experimental studies 8,9 are presented for multimode (TEM mn ) Er: YAG laser radiation. The removal efficiency of tooth enamel does not exceed 100 mm 3 /kJ, and it does not exceed 200 mm 3 /kJ for dentin 5 , and the maximum removal efficiency of dental hard tissue is achieved at energies exceeding 200mJ for TEM mn Er: YAG lasers.…”