Comparable bacterial-mediated nitrogen supply and losses under organic reduced tillage and conventional intensive tillage

Puerta, Viviana Loaiza; Six, Johan; Wittwer, Raphaël; Heijden, Marcel van der; Pereira, Engil Isadora Pujol

doi:10.1016/j.ejsobi.2019.103121

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

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“…However, in an experiment across arable soils, the abundance of nirS-and nirK-denitrifiers were not significantly different between agricultural practices (Domeignoz-Horta, . Similarly, in another study, the abundance of nirK and nirS did not differ between NT and CT (Puerta et al 2019). The authors speculated that NT could have promoted denitrification in the form of higher activity but not the abundance of denitrifying genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Diversity of nitrogen cycling genes at a Midwest long-term ecological research site with different management practices

Zheng

Cupples

2021

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Nitrogen fertilizer results in the release of nitrous oxide (N 2 O), a concern because N 2 O is an ozone-depleting substance and a greenhouse gas. Although the reduction of N 2 O to nitrogen gas can control emissions, the factors impacting the enzymes involved have not been fully explored. The current study investigated the abundance and diversity of genes involved in nitrogen cycling (primarily denitrification) under four agricultural management practices (no tillage [NT], conventional tillage [CT], reduced input, biologically-based). The work involved examining soil shotgun sequencing data for nine genes (napA, narG, nirK, nirS, norB, nosZ, nirA, nirB, nifH). For each gene, relative abundance values, diversity and richness indices, and taxonomic classification were determined. Additionally, the genes associated with nitrogen metabolism (defined by the KEGG hierarchy) were examined. The data generated were statistically compared between the four management practices. The relative abundance of four genes (nifH, nirK, nirS, and norB) were significantly lower in the NT treatment compared to one or more of the other soils. The abundance values of napA, narG, nifH, nirA, and nirB were not significantly different between NT and CT. The relative abundance of nirS was significantly higher in the CT treatment compared to the others. Diversity and richness values were higher for four of the nine genes (napA, narG, nirA, nirB). Based on nirS/nirK ratios, CT represents the highest N 2 O consumption potential in four soils. In conclusion, the microbial communities involved in nitrogen metabolism were sensitive to different agricultural practices, which in turn, likely has implications for N 2 O emissions. Key points• Four genes were less abundant in NT compared to one or more of the others soils (nifH, nirK, nirS, norB).• The most abundant sequences for many of the genes classified within the Proteobacteria.• Higher diversity and richness indices were observed for four genes (napA, narG, nirA, nirB).• Based on nirS/nirK ratios, CT represents the highest N 2 O consumption potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Diversity of nitrogen cycling genes at a Midwest long-term ecological research site with different management practices

Zheng

Cupples

2021

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Soil quality associated with microbial community characteristics and dominant taxa across different tillage practices

Liu,

Zhu,

et al. 2024

Land Degrad Dev

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Despite conservation tillage being a promising strategy to mitigate soil degradation, the intricate role of microbial communities in shaping soil quality over long‐term tillage remains poorly understood. The study aimed to investigate the microbial mechanisms governing the soil quality index (SQI) and maize yield under different tillage practices spanning 13 years, including no‐till without straw retention (NT0), no‐till with straw retention (NTSR), plough tillage with straw retention (PTSR), and rotary tillage with straw retention (RTSR). The findings revealed that NTSR improved the SQI index by 22.4% and 11.3% higher than PTSR and RTSR, respectively, within the 0–10 cm soil layer. This improvement was correlated with an increase in maize yield (R2 = 0.39, p < 0.05). PERMANOVA analysis confirmed that both soil depth and tillage practices significantly impacted the composition of microbial communities (p < 0.05). Furthermore, conservation tillage, compared to PTSR and RTSR, increased the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis by 78.6%–460.3% but decreased the saprophytic fungal abundance by 27.5%–28.3%. Soil quality was notably influenced by the interaction between bacterial and fungal communities. The presence of bacterial‐dominated Module 2 was associated with decreased soil quality in the 0–10 cm soil depth (r = −0.47, p < 0.01). This study emphasizes the pivotal role of microbial diversity and dominant taxa in driving soil quality after long‐term conservation tillage practices. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for establishing farmland management to achieve agricultural and ecological sustainability in the face of climate change and soil degradation challenges.

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Effects of transitioning from conventional to organic farming on soil organic carbon and microbial community: a comparison of long-term non-inversion minimum tillage and conventional tillage

Mihelič,

Pintarič,

Eler

et al. 2024

Biol Fertil Soils

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The combination of conservation tillage (non-inversion and no-till) with organic farming is rare due to weed problems. However, both practices have the potential to improve soil quality and increase soil organic C (SOC). This study investigated the changes in SOC, microbial biomass, and microbial composition during the transition from conventional to organic farming (from 2014 to 2020) in a long-term tillage trial established in 1999. Non-inversion minimum tillage to a depth of 10 cm (MT) resulted in SOC stratification, whilst conventional soil tillage with 25-cm-deep mouldboard ploughing (CT) maintained an even SOC distribution in the plough layer. After 12 years of contrasting tillage in 2011, the uppermost soil layer under MT had a 10% higher SOC content (1.6% w/w) than CT (1.45% w/w). This difference became even more pronounced after introducing organic farming in 2014. By the fall of 2020, the SOC content under MT increased to 1.94%, whilst it decreased slightly to 1.36% under CT, resulting in a 43% difference between the two systems. Conversion to organic farming increased microbial biomass under both tillage systems, whilst SOC remained unchanged in CT. Abundances of total bacterial and Crenarchaeal 16S rRNA and fungal ITS genes indicated shifts in the microbial community in response to tillage and depth. Fungal communities under MT were more responsive to organic farming than bacterial communities. The improved soil quality observed under MT supports its adoption in both organic and conventional systems, but potentially large yield losses due to increased weed cover discourage farmers from combining MT and organic farming.

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Comparable bacterial-mediated nitrogen supply and losses under organic reduced tillage and conventional intensive tillage

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Diversity of nitrogen cycling genes at a Midwest long-term ecological research site with different management practices

Diversity of nitrogen cycling genes at a Midwest long-term ecological research site with different management practices

Soil quality associated with microbial community characteristics and dominant taxa across different tillage practices

Effects of transitioning from conventional to organic farming on soil organic carbon and microbial community: a comparison of long-term non-inversion minimum tillage and conventional tillage

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