Compact X-pinch based point x-ray source for phase contrast imaging of inertial confinement fusion capsules

Beg, F. N.; Stephens, R. B.; Xu, Hongwei; Haas, David M.; Eddinger, S. A.; Tynan, G. R.; Shipton, Erik; DeBono, B.; Wagshal, K.

doi:10.1063/1.2335959

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A lot of information on the wire-array Z -pinches is provided in [6], whereas experiments on linear wire arrays are described in [7]. The X-pinches are discussed in [8] and their use as point X-ray sources in [9] and [10]. Recent analyses of the plasma foci are presented in [11] and [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Characterizing the Plasmas of Dense $Z$ -Pinches

Ryutov

2015

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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This mini-tutorial summarizes the plasma characteristics important for the Z-pinch research, with an emphasis on high-density collisional plasmas. It begins with the discussion of the most basic plasma properties related to collisionality and magnetization and then proceeds to more complex phenomena associated with magnetic field evolution in a highly dynamical plasma. Plasma transport properties are discussed mostly in conjunction with the Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion concept. Issues of interplay of the classical and anomalous transport in a plasma whose pressure is higher than the magnetic pressure are elucidated. Differences in magnetic reconnection in weakly versus highly collisional plasmas are discussed. Kinetic effects and the role of microturbulence are mentioned in conjunction with the formation of high-energy tails in the particle distribution functions and the generation of particle beams. The discussion is based on the order-of-magnitude estimates suitable for initial orientation in the problem. The two appendixes contain some auxiliary material.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Characterizing the Plasmas of Dense $Z$ -Pinches

Ryutov

2015

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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“…2,8,9 In the past decades, X-pinch plasmas have aroused a lot of interests not only because they are excellent point x-ray sources ͓e.g., a source of ϳ1 m scale with subnanosecond duration in 3-5 keV ͑Ref. 10͔͒ to obtain high-quality backlighting images of biological samples, exploding wire-arrays and other objects, [11][12][13] but also because they can, at a relatively low cost, reach very high temperature and density ͑e.g., T e Ͼ 2 keV, n e Ͼ 10 22 cm −3 ͒ at the same time, 2 which is very attractive to researchers on high energy density physics. 14 The radiation properties of X-pinch plasma sources ͑e.g., source number and size, time duration, spectra, etc.͒ in keV region have been studied by many groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of keV radiation properties of Mo and Ti X-pinch plasma sources using a pinhole transmission grating spectrometer

2010

Physics of Plasmas

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The properties of keV x-ray radiations from Mo and Ti X-pinch plasma sources at the current of 800 kA were investigated by a pinhole transmission grating spectrometer. The spectrometer was characterized by a high linear dispersion rate ͑2.9 Å/mm͒, and from its time-integrated diffraction images, rich information about the X-pinch sources ͑e.g., source number, source size, and absolute spectra͒ could be obtained. Multiple hot spots were produced in all the Mo tests with loads made of two or four 25 m wires with or without a shunt wire, and obvious increases both in the radiation intensity and in the source size around the spectral region of 2.6 keV were observed. In Ti X-pinch tests, a single keV x-ray burst with a source size of ϳ200 m and a time duration of ϳ200 ps in full width at half maximum was obtained using a load made of two 50 m wires plus a shunt wire. The intensity of x-rays decreased sharply from ϳ10 11 photon eV −1 sr −1 at 1 keV to ϳ10 8 photon eV −1 sr −1 at 4 keV. The energy-dependent source size in the band of 1-4 keV is less than 100 m and seemed to shrink quickly as x-ray energy increases.

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“…These small source sizes make the X-pinch particularly useful for high-resolution pointprojection radiography (and phase contrast imaging [9]), and the Inertial Confinement Fusion community has examined their utility for measuring the uniformity of tritium ice layers in capsules [10]. For these reasons there have been numerous studies of X pinches worldwide.…”

Section: Motivation and Scope Of Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling of X pinches from 1 MA to 6 MA.

Bland

McBride²,

Wenger³

et al. 2010

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This final report for Project 117863 summarizes progress made toward understanding how X-pinch load designs scale to high currents. The X-pinch load geometry was conceived in 1982 as a method to study the formation and properties of bright x-ray spots in z-pinch plasmas. X-pinch plasmas driven by 0.2 MA currents were found to have source sizes of 1 micron, temperatures >1 keV, lifetimes of 10-100 ps, and densities >0.1 times solid density. These conditions are believed to result from the direct magnetic compression of matter. Physical models that capture the behavior of 0.2 MA X pinches predict more extreme parameters at currents >1 MA. This project developed load designs for up to 6 MA on the SATURN facility and attempted to measure the resulting plasma parameters. Source sizes of 5-8 microns were observed in some cases along with evidence for high temperatures (several keV) and short time durations (<500 ps). 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

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Compact X-pinch based point x-ray source for phase contrast imaging of inertial confinement fusion capsules

Cited by 44 publications

References 9 publications

Characterizing the Plasmas of Dense $Z$ -Pinches

Characterizing the Plasmas of Dense $Z$ -Pinches

Study of keV radiation properties of Mo and Ti X-pinch plasma sources using a pinhole transmission grating spectrometer

Scaling of X pinches from 1 MA to 6 MA.

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