Compact Size MIMO Amer Fractal Slot Antenna for 3G, LTE (4G), WLAN, WiMAX, ISM and 5G Communications

Abstract

In this study, an Amer fractal slot antenna is proposed as a multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) antenna with four ports. The antenna is excited by CPW (coplanar waveguide) to control the leakage of electromagnetic energy, which leads to a high match between the antenna and input impedance, thus achieving dual operating bands of 1.5-19.2 GHz and 25-37.2 GHz for port 1, dual operating bands of 1.4-19 GHz and 20-35.5 GHz for port 2, a wide operating band of 1.4-29 GHz for port 3, and dual operating bands of 1.6-21 GHz and 22-37 GHz for port 4. Therefore, the proposed antenna meets all the market needs of wireless communication technologies such as 3G, Long Term Evolution (LTE, 2.6 GHz /3.5 GHz), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN, 2.4 GHz/5 GHz), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX, 2.5 GHz/3.5 GHz/5 GHz), Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM, 2.4 GHz/ 5 GHz), and 5G (5-6 GHz and 27-28 GHz). The proposed antenna can be used as dual opposite ports for the frequency range 1.5-15 GHz and as four-element MIMO arrays for frequencies of 15-30 GHz. The MIMO fractal antenna has circular polarization characteristics with axial ratio bandwidths (ARBWs) of 4.7-5.8 GHz for port 1, 2.5-2.6 GHz and 5.4-6.5 GHz for the port 2, 4-5.9 GHz for port 3, and 5.5-10 GHz for port 4. Due to its compact size (33 mm × 33 mm × 0.8 mm), low profile, and acceptable values of gain and efficiency, the proposed antenna is suitable for many portable wireless communication devices.

A compact pattern diversity MIMO antenna with enhanced bandwidth and high‐isolation characteristics for WLAN/5G/WiFi applications

“…The more antenna elements set in a MIMO array, the higher the channel capacities achieved. Many types of MIMO antennas with various characteristics, such as dual band, circular polarization, high isolation, and compact size, have been studied previously to meet WLAN, 5G, and WiFi requirements.…”

“…Four planar monopole antennas are selected as antenna elements. Different from the decoupling structure in References , a novel decoupling structure, which consists of a circular parasitic patch and 4 rotating L‐shaped branches, is designed to improve isolation between antenna elements. Due to the surface current on the decoupling structure, which is obtained by coupling with the planar monopole antenna, not only is the impedance bandwidth ( S 11 ≤ −10 dB) widened, but the feature of pattern diversity is also acquired.…”

Isolated Magnetic Dipole MIMO Antenna with Linear Port Configuration for Wireless Applications

“…Designing a MIMO antenna is a challenging task mainly in minimizing the physical size, improving isolation, and offer low envelope correlation coefficient to utilize limited space and circuit board of mobile devices. Therefore, most of the multiple radiating elements the MIMO antenna are designing close to each and share the ground layer [3]- [6]. Consequently, it causes strong mutual coupling between radiating elements and contributes to low efficiency and gain degradation.…”

Novel sunflower MIMO fractal antenna with low mutual coupling and dual wide operating bands

“…Many studies have designed MIMO antennas using different geometries (patch, slot, and fractal) with various types of feed, e.g., strip, coaxial, and coplanar waveguide (CPW) lines. Examples include the antennas reported in [2–31]. Table 1 lists the weakness of related antennas previously investigated in [2–31].…”

“…Examples include the antennas reported in [2–31]. Table 1 lists the weakness of related antennas previously investigated in [2–31]. The table also presents important characteristics, such as number of elements (No.…”