“…Unlike VR scenarios that are commonly generated by computer graphics or a 360-degree camera (11,12), the advent of light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) allows for capturing of physiological events in the 3D or 4D domain that can be further adapted to VR headsets, such as Google Cardboard or Daydream, for effective VR visualization. In comparison with wide-field or confocal microscopy, LSFM enables multidimensional imaging at the single-cell resolution (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29), which is critical for integrating high-fidelity physiological research with VR visualization. 4D LSFM further enables in vivo imaging of contracting embryonic hearts in zebrafish (Danio rerio) (30,31), Caenorhabditis elegans (32,33), and Drosophila melanogaster (34,35).…”