Compact multi frequency strip loaded microstrip patch antenna with spur-lines

Roy, Avisankar; Bhunia, Sunandan; Sarkar, Debasree; Sarkar, Partha Pratim; Chowdhury, S. K.

doi:10.1017/s1759078716001136

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…6(a) which allow the antenna to resonate at 5.8 GHz. R1, L1, and C1 values are calculated by using the equations in [29], [30]. The inverted U-shaped slot and two additional slots are responsible for the 2.4 GHz band and can be expressed by a series of inductance and capacitance which are calculated by using the equations in [31], [32] that change the antenna's circuit as depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Equivalent Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications

et al. 2023

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The design and analysis of a compact dual-band wearable antenna for WBAN applications is presented. The antenna was prototyped on a semi-flexible Rogers Duroid RO3003™ with compact dimensions of 41 × 44 mm 2 which corresponds to 0.33 λ0 × 0.35 λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength at 2.4 GHz. The antenna is designed in the preliminary stage to resonate at 5.8 GHz. An inverted U-shaped slot is added to the patch to create one more resonant frequency at 2.4 GHz. In order to enhance the antenna's bandwidth and gain, two slots at the patch's bottom edge and a partial ground are added. The measured percentage of impedance bandwidth at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz are 3.75% and 5.17%, respectively. The gain is measured to be 3.74 dBi and 5.13 dBi and the efficiency is 91.4% and 92.3%, respectively at the operating bands. The measured radiation patterns exhibit a bidirectional and directional radiation pattern in the E-plane at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands, while omnidirectional radiation patterns are observed in the H-plane. At 2.4 GHz, the SAR limits are simulated to be 0.955 W/kg and 0.571 W/kg for 1 g and 10 g of human tissue, while at 5.8 GHz, the SAR limits are 0.478 W/kg and 0.127 W/kg, respectively. Therefore, the proposed antenna has met the FCC and ICNIRP standards. Bending conditions and on-body measurements of the proposed antenna indicate that the antenna's performance is unaffected. As a result, it is shown that the antenna possessed the ability to be utilized in WBAN applications.INDEX TERMS Dual-band, patch antenna, WBAN applications, SAR, bending condition.

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Section: Equivalent Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications

et al. 2023

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“…The parallel lumped elements of resistance (R 1 ), inductance (L 1 ) and capacitance (C 1 ) represent the antenna's radiating patch allowing the antenna to resonate at 5.8 GHz as indicated by Z patch (R 1 = 49.8 Ω, L 1 = 0.6 nH and C 1 = 3.4 pF,). The values of R 1 , L 1 , and C 1 are calculated using the equations in [29,30]. Additionally, the introduction = 0.9 pF) which are calculated using the equations in [31,32].…”

Section: Antenna Design and Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the nonlinearity of PIN diode on frequency reconfigurable patch antenna

Musa,

Shah,

Majid

et al. 2023

The Journal of Engineering

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In this work, the nonlinearity of PIN diode on frequency reconfigurable patch antenna is investigated. To perform frequency reconfiguration, the proposed design makes use of the switching capabilities of a PIN diode. The antenna has a dimension of 41 × 44 mm2 corresponding to 0.33 λ0 × 0.35 λ0, where λ0 represents the wavelength in free space at 2.4 GHz fabricated on Rogers Duroid RO3003TM material. In the OFF state of the PIN diode, a single resonance (ISM 5.8 GHz) is achieved. However, in the ON state of the PIN diode, a dual‐resonance (ISM 5.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz) is achieved. A directional and bidirectional radiation pattern can be observed in the E‐plane at 5.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz, respectively, and omnidirectional radiation patterns can be viewed in the H‐plane for both 5.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz. The gain is measured to be 4.84 dBi at 2.4 GHz and 5.87 dBi at 5.8 GHz, with total efficiencies of 91.8% and 92.5% at 5.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz, respectively. Two‐tone nonlinear measurements at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz are used to evaluate the PIN diode. Several third‐order intermodulation distortion products (IMD3) frequencies are observed with input powers between 0 and 20 dBm. The IMD3 at 2.4 GHz is −36.18 dBm, while at 5.8 GHz is −47.19 dBm and the third‐order input intercept point (IIP3) of +66.65 dBm is obtained at 2.4 GHz, while +22.69 dBm at 5.8 GHz. Additionally, at 2.4 GHz, the 1‐dB gain compression (P1‐dB) could not be identified, showing that the antenna behaves linearly within the spectrum of input power. Similarly, the P1‐dB is detected at 14.8 dBm input power at 5.8 GHz. The proposed antenna works in the linear region up to an input power level of 15 dBm, where the received signal strength of the IMD3 is minimal, according to the measurement of the nonlinearity caused by the PIN diode. The nonlinearity results confirm that the active reconfigurable antenna designed and implemented in this work is suitable for use in the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands for indoor and short‐range communication applications. Furthermore, the assessment of nonlinearity provides a deeper understanding of and helps mitigate the negative effects of nonlinearity on the proposed antenna. This measurement assists in refining biasing, selecting suitable linearization methods, improving the design, and evaluating performance at the system level. Ultimately, it enhances antenna performance and expands frequency reconfigurability by enabling optimization across multiple aspects.

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“…Generally, conventional monopole antenna is modelled as a simple parallel RLC resonant circuit based on the cavity model revealed in Fig.3 (a). The values of the components R, L, and C were determined by the conventional formulae given in [31], [32].…”

Section: Antenna Ebg and Dgs Designs A Antenna Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust and Efficient Integrated Antenna With EBG-DGS Enabled Wide Bandwidth for Wearable Medical Device Applications

et al. 2020

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A compact wearable symmetrical e-slots antenna operated at 2.4 GHz was proposed for Medical Body Area Network applications. The design was printed onto a highly flexible fabric material. The final design topology was achieved by the integration of symmetrical e-slots antenna with an Electromagnetic Band-Gap (EBG) and Defected Ground Structure (DGS). The use of EBG was to isolate the body and antenna from each other whereas the DGS widened the bandwidth. This combination forms a novel and compact structure that broadens bandwidth. This broadened bandwidth makes the structure robust to deformation and loading in the human body. The design achieved a measured impedance bandwidth of 32.08 %, a gain of 6.45 dBi, a Front to Back Ration (FBR) of 15.8 dB, an efficiency of 72.3% and a SAR reduction of more than 90%. Hence, the integration of symmetrical e-slots antenna with EBG and etched DGS is a promising candidate for body-worn devices.

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Compact multi frequency strip loaded microstrip patch antenna with spur-lines

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications

Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications

Investigation of the nonlinearity of PIN diode on frequency reconfigurable patch antenna

Robust and Efficient Integrated Antenna With EBG-DGS Enabled Wide Bandwidth for Wearable Medical Device Applications

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