Compact Label-Free Biosensor Using VCSEL-Based Measurement System

Mateus, C.F.R.; Huang, M.C.Y.; Li, P.; Cunningham, Brian T.; Chang-Hasnain, Connie J.

doi:10.1109/lpt.2004.828851

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This shift compares well with the data for polyelectrolytes adlayers reported for input grating coupler performed at visible wavelength in angular interrogation [23]. Similarly, the wavelength shift measured by a grating-coupler device in a reflection configuration [24] at 850 nm with a tunable VCSEL was able to detect the single layer addition to a polyelectrolyte multilayer (albeit with thicker layers that those used in this work).…”

Section: Polyelectrolyte Self-assembled Layerssupporting

confidence: 88%

Wavelength interrogation of grating-based optical biosensors in the input coupler configuration

Grego¹,

McDaniel²,

Stoner³

2008

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Section: Polyelectrolyte Self-assembled Layerssupporting

confidence: 88%

Wavelength interrogation of grating-based optical biosensors in the input coupler configuration

Grego¹,

McDaniel²,

Stoner³

2008

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…Anomalies in periodically modulated grating structures have been widely studied [62][63][64], and it has been shown that gratings with a subwavelength modulation in the refractive index can function as filters, due to the guided-mode resonance [64]. This resonance has been successfully exploited in the development of some sensor applications [65,66] In this chapter, we present a completely new high-Q resonator configuration using the high contrast grating. In particular, the in-plane high-contrast grating is designed to form a high-Q resonator, as well as to couple light in the surface-normal direction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Session V.A (DeBartolo Hall Room 102) Optoelectronic devices

2013

71st Device Research Conference

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Subwavelength High-Contrast Grating (HCG) and its Applications in Optoelectronic Devicesby Ye Zhou Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering -Electrical Engineering and Computer SciencesUniversity of California, BerkeleyProfessor Constance J. Chang-Hasnain, ChairOptical grating is a research topic with a long history. It has been extensively studied over the years due to its various applications in holography, spectroscopy, lasers, and many other optoelectronic devices. In this dissertation, we present a novel single-layer subwavelength high-index-contrast grating (HCG) which opens a new era in the study of grating. HCGs can serve as surface normal broadband (∆λ/λ ~35%), high-reflectivity (>99%) mirrors, which can be used to replace conventional distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) in optical devices. Different designs of HCGs can also serve as narrow band, surface emitting, high-quality (Q) factor optical resonators or shallow angle reflectors. In this dissertation, we will review the recent advances in high-index-contrast grating and its applications in optoelectronic devices, including vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), high-Q optical resonators, and hollow-core waveguides.We first present a novel HCG-based VCSEL where the conventional DBR mirror is replaced with a HCG-based mirror. A systematic and comprehensive review of the experimental and numerical simulation results is presented to demonstrate many desirable 2 attributes of HCG-based VCSELs, including polarization selection, transverse mode control and a large fabrication tolerance.Next, we present an ultra-fast tuning, HCG-based tunable VCSEL. By integrating a mechanically movable actuator with a single-layer HCG as the VCSEL top mirror, precise, wide continuous wavelength tuning (~18 nm) was achieved at room temperature.The small footprint of the HCG enables each of the mechanical actuator dimensions to be scaled down by at least a factor of 10, resulting in a greater than 1000 times reduction in mass, and an increase in the mechanical resonant frequency. It also allows for a recordfast, HCG-based tunable VCSEL with a tuning time in the ~10 ns range to be obtained.Besides the HCG-based VCSELs/tunable VCSELs, we also present a HCG-based surface normal high-Q resonator with a simulated Q-factor as large as 500,000 and an experimentally measured Q-factor of ~14,000. The unique feature of a high-Q with surface normal emission is highly desirable, as the topology facilitates a convenient and high output coupling with free-space or fiber optics. This feature is promising for array fabrication of lasers and filters, as well as high throughput sensor arrays.In addition, we propose a HCG-based hollow-core waveguide design with an ultralow propagation loss of <0.01dB/m, three orders of magnitude lower than the lowest loss of the state-of-art chip-scale hollow waveguides. This novel HCG hollow-core waveguide design will serve as a basic building block in many chip-scale integrated photonic circuits, enabling system-level applications including o...

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“…In contrast to the broad resonances produced by lossy metallic materials that comprise surface plasmon resonant (SPR) sensors, the low-loss dielectric materials of a PC optical resonator enable narrow (< 1 nm) bandwidth, high (~95–100%) reflectivity resonances that in turn provide the ability to measure small changes in the resonant wavelength with greater precision. Importantly, the resonant characteristics of a PC surface can be excited at normal incidence without the need for contacting the sensor with a coupling prism, which facilitates measurement of the resonant wavelength in either reflectance or transmittance configurations using low-intensity broadband light sources [4–6], light emitting diodes [4], and tunable lasers [7, 8]. While the first PC biosensors were designed to operate in the near-infrared portion of the spectrum [1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9], the resonant wavelength of a PC biosensor may be designed to occur at wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet [10] through the visible parts of the spectrum [11–13] through selection of the PC period and dielectric materials to suit the need for specific applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Biosensing With Photonic Crystal Surfaces: A Review

et al. 2016

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Photonic crystal surfaces that are designed to function as wavelength-selective optical resonators have become a widely adopted platform for label-free biosensing, and for enhancement of the output of photon-emitting tags used throughout life science research and in vitro diagnostics. While some applications, such as analysis of drug-protein interactions, require extremely high resolution and the ability to accurately correct for measurement artifacts, others require sensitivity that is high enough for detection of disease biomarkers in serum with concentrations less than 1 pg/ml. As the analysis of cells becomes increasingly important for studying the behavior of stem cells, cancer cells, and biofilms under a variety of conditions, approaches that enable high resolution imaging of live cells without cytotoxic stains or photobleachable fluorescent dyes are providing new tools to biologists who seek to observe individual cells over extended time periods. This paper will review several recent advances in photonic crystal biosensor detection instrumentation and device structures that are being applied towards direct detection of small molecules in the context of high throughput drug screening, photonic crystal fluorescence enhancement as utilized for high sensitivity multiplexed cancer biomarker detection, and label-free high resolution imaging of cells and individual nanoparticles as a new tool for life science research and single-molecule diagnostics.

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Compact Label-Free Biosensor Using VCSEL-Based Measurement System

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Wavelength interrogation of grating-based optical biosensors in the input coupler configuration

Wavelength interrogation of grating-based optical biosensors in the input coupler configuration

Session V.A (DeBartolo Hall Room 102) Optoelectronic devices

Recent Advances in Biosensing With Photonic Crystal Surfaces: A Review

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