Compact broadband stacked implantable antenna for biotelemetry with medical devices

Lee, C.-m.; Yo, Tzong Chee; Luo, Ching Hsing; Tu, Chih-Ho; Juang, Ying‐Zong

doi:10.1049/el:20070463

Cited by 99 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These values are considerably low compared to regular free space antenna. However, they are still comparable to the results of other published experiments by Liu (0.55%) [12], Lee (0.31%) [22], or Kim (0.25%) [13]. In all of those experiments, the antenna was simulated by using tissue or skin simulating fluid as the medium.…”

Section: Radiation Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 87%

Hermetic Implantable Antenna Inside Vitreous Humor Simulating Fluid

Permana¹,

Fang²,

Rowe³

2013

PIER

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Abstract-Retinal prosthesis system is currently being developed in various places around the world. This system involved data transfer between an implanted antenna inside an eyeball and an external camera that is located just in front of the eyeball. While there are plenty of publications about the stimulating electrodes or the processing unit of the system itself, very limited amount has been published regarding the wireless communication link between the two antennas despite the fact that the electromagnetic wave will propagate through a complex medium in the form of Vitreous Humor. This paper will discuss about the constraints associated with implanting an antenna into an eyeball. An antenna design and simulation was performed with the aid of High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and its Finite Element Method (FEM) mathematical solver in the operating frequency of 402-405 MHz. The antenna, which was a 4 layer microstrip antenna, was positioned at the centre of a spherical model filled with homogeneous Vitreous Humor material. Antenna performances that include return loss, bandwidth, gain, radiation pattern, and SAR value are analysed and compared against those of other implantable antennas operating in Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) band. Free space and simulating fluid measurements were also conducted on the fabricated antenna to validate the simulation results. It was concluded that the fabricated antenna was able to produce the similar performance to the simulation results and hence at the same level as the other antennas operating in material with lower dielectric constants and conductivities.

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Section: Radiation Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 87%

Hermetic Implantable Antenna Inside Vitreous Humor Simulating Fluid

Permana¹,

Fang²,

Rowe³

2013

PIER

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“…Most of the previous investigations on implanted antenna designs such as: micro-strip and Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) [6][7][8][9][10][11], cavity slot antenna [12][13][14][15] and dipole or monopole antennas [16][17][18] suffer from two main problems: high value of SAR at small antenna size and detuning effects due to the dielectric properties of the human body tissues. An electrically coupled loop antenna (ECLA) is proposed in this paper to tackle all the above issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of an Implanted Electrically Coupled Loop Antenna Inside Human Body

Ibraheem¹,

Manteghi²

2014

PIER

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Abstract-Implanted antennas are widely used in hyperthermia and biomedical applications. The antenna needs to be extremely small while maintaining a permissible Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and being able to cope with the detuning effects due to the dielectric properties of human body tissues. Most of the proposed antennas for implanted applications are electric field antennas such as Planner Inverted-F Antennas (PIFA) and micro-strip patch antennas. By minimizing the size of an electric field antenna, the near zone electric field will increase, resulting in higher SAR. This work is devoted to design a miniaturized magnetic field antenna to overcome the above limitations. The proposed electrically coupled loop antenna (ECLA) has high magnetic field and low electric field in the near zone and therefore, has a small SAR and is less sensitive to detuning effects. ECLA is designed at the Medical Implanted Communication Service (MICS) band with dimensions of (5×5×3 mm 3 ). ECLA has been simulated inside one-layer human body model, three-layer spherical human head model, human head and human body. From the simulation results, ECLA inside the human body has a 5 MHz-3 dB bandwidth, −14 dB gain, and radiation efficiency of 0.525%. The 1 g average SAR inside the human body for 10 mW input power is about 1 W/kg which is 7 times lower than the SAR for a patch antenna of the same size with the same accepted power.

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“…band approved by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. However, other designs in the Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) bands have also been reported [17][18][19].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to achieve miniaturized implantable prototypes, various antenna structures have been investigated, including one-layer planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA) [11][12][13]20], multilayer PIFA [14,21], microstrip patch [10,12], dipole [16], loop antenna [22], and 3D-structures [15,23]. Although some of these designs present antenna prototypes of compact volume, they do not consider the impact of integrating electronics necessary for signal conditioning of sensor data (such as amplifiers, digital converters and transceivers), for power management circuitry and for the sensor itself [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Published research focused on PIFA bandwidth increment, such as multiband structures [13,21,27,28], parasitic elements [29], additional slots on the ground plane [30] or the radiator patch [14], modification of the ground plane structure [31], and geometric variations of the feed plate silhouette [32]. However, only antennas reported in [13,14,21,27] were designed to be implanted into a human body. In order to ensure biocompatibility of the IMD and to reduce induced currents and power absorbed by the human body, systems were embedded inside dielectric substrates [12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multilayered Broadband Antenna for Compact Embedded Implantable Medical Devices: Design and Characterization

García-Miquel¹,

Curto²,

Vidal³

et al. 2017

PIER

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Abstract-Design and characterization of a multilayered compact implantable broadband antenna for wireless biotelemetry applications is presented in this paper. The main features of this novel design are miniaturized size, structure that allows integration of electronic circuits of the implantable medical device inside the antenna, and enhanced bandwidth that mitigates possible frequency detuning caused by heterogeneity of biological tissues. Using electromagnetic simulations based on the finite-difference timedomain method, the antenna geometry was optimized to operate in the 401-406 MHz Medical Device Radio communications service band. The proposed design was simulated implanted in a muscle tissue cuboid phantom and implanted in the arm, head, and chest of a high-resolution whole-body anatomical numerical model of an adult human male. The antenna was fabricated using low-temperature co-fired ceramic technology. Measurements validated simulation results for the antenna implanted in muscle tissue cuboid phantom. The proposed compact antenna, with dimensions of 14 mm × 16 mm × 2 mm, presented a −10 dB bandwidth of 103 MHz and 92 MHz for simulations and measurements, respectively. The proposed antenna allows integration of electronic circuit up to 10 mm × 10 mm × 0.5 mm. Specific absorption rate distributions, antenna input power, radiation pattern and the transmission channel between the proposed antenna and a half-wavelength dipole were evaluated.

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Compact broadband stacked implantable antenna for biotelemetry with medical devices

Cited by 99 publications

References 3 publications

Hermetic Implantable Antenna Inside Vitreous Humor Simulating Fluid

Hermetic Implantable Antenna Inside Vitreous Humor Simulating Fluid

Performance of an Implanted Electrically Coupled Loop Antenna Inside Human Body

Multilayered Broadband Antenna for Compact Embedded Implantable Medical Devices: Design and Characterization

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