Comorbidity of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity and Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders

Wilens, Timothy E.; Biederman, Joseph; Spencer, Thomas; Frances, R.J.

doi:10.1176/ps.45.5.421

Cited by 53 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…ADHD can persist into adulthood, mostly with a symptom profile of inattention and distractibility (Faraone et al 2000), and is a risk factor for subsequent substance abuse (Wilens et al 1995). Although its neuropathogenesis is not completely understood, ADHD is currently conceptualized as a disorder resulting from hypoactivity of dopaminergic systems and imbalance in noradrenergic systems (Biederman 2005;di Michele et al 2005), implicating cognitive and behavioral dysfunction characteristic of an underlying frontal-striatal pathophysiology (Hervey et al 2004).…”

Section: Effects Of Chronic Methamphetamine Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Effects of Methamphetamine: A Critical Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2007

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This review provides a critical analysis of the central nervous system effects of acute and chronic methamphetamine (MA) use, which is linked to numerous adverse psychosocial, neuropsychiatric, and medical problems. A meta-analysis of the neuropsychological effects of MA abuse/dependence revealed broadly medium effect sizes, showing deficits in episodic memory, executive functions, information processing speed, motor skills, language, and visuoconstructional abilities. The neuropsychological deficits associated with MA abuse/dependence are interpreted with regard to their possible neural mechanisms, most notably MA-associated frontostriatal neurotoxicity. In addition, potential explanatory factors are considered, including demographics (e.g., gender), MA use characteristics (e.g., duration of abstinence), and the influence of common psychiatric (e.g., other substance-related disorders) and neuromedical (e.g., HIV infection) comorbidities. Finally, these findings are discussed with respect to their potential contribution to the clinical management of persons with MA abuse/dependence.

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Section: Effects Of Chronic Methamphetamine Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Effects of Methamphetamine: A Critical Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2007

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“…ADHD in adults is a common diagnosis among patients with substance use disorders (SUD), often in combination with conduct disorders in youth and antisocial personality disorder [9]. The prevalence rates of ADHD amongst various populations of people with substance use disorders varied form 10 to 30% [10,35]. For example, Schubiner [36] reported studies showing that 20 Á30% of adults presenting with SUD have concomitant ADHD and approximately 20 Á 40% of adults with ADHD have histories of SUD.…”

Section: The Association Between Adhd and Substance Use Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence rates of attention deficit disorder amongst various populations of people with substance use disorders vary from 10 to 30% [10]. By contrast, cross-sectional studies in adults suggest prevalence rates of ADHD symptoms of approximately 5%, declining with age [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in opiate-dependent adults

Luty¹,

Sarkhel²,

O’Gara

et al. 2007

International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice

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Background. There is a clear association between childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorders in adulthood. Symptoms of attention deficit disorder may also persist into adulthood. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of childhood ADHD in a sample of treatment seeking opiate-dependent adults. Methods. Treatment-seeking opiate-dependent subjects completed the Utah adult ADHD screening test and the self-report early delinquency scale. Results. A total of 15% were "likely" and 49 were "highly likely" to have suffered ADHD in childhood. The averages scores for the delinquency scales were over 6 times those reported from population norms. Conclusion. Symptoms of childhood ADHD is common in adults with opiate dependence. The residual symptoms in adults should be investigated as may be amenable to newer treatments for adult attention deficit disorder.

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“…Various lines of research support this contention. Substance use disorders are often comorbid with externalizing disorders in children~Weinberg, Rahdert, Colliver, & Glantz, 1998;Wilens, Biederman, Spencer, &adults~Gorenstein &Newman, 1980;Helzer & Pryzbeck, 1988!. Behavioral genetic studies have shown that genes influence the development of substance abuse~Grove et al, 1990; Kendler & Prescott, 1998;McGue, 1995;Pickens et al, 1991;True et al, 1997;Tsuang et al, 1996! andexternalizing behavior~Levy, Hay, McStephen, Wood, &Waldman, 1997;Lyons et al, 1995;Slutske et al, 1997!…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying psychophysiological risk for psychopathology: Examples from substance abuse and schizophrenia research

Iacono

1998

Psychophysiology

101

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A problem confronting the search for psychopathology-related genes concerns the difficulty identifying gene carriers. Psychiatric diagnosis provides imperfect identification of affected individuals, and unaffected gene carriers go undetected. Psychophysiological measures may assist molecular genetic investigations by indicating genetic susceptibility for psychopathology, thus increasing the probability of identifying affected and unaffected gene carriers. Research strategies based on these premises are applied to the study of psychoactive substance use disorders and schizophrenia. Data are presented illustrating (1) that individual differences in inhibitory control involving autonomic and antisaccade eye movement measures and the P3 component of the event-related potential may be sensitive to susceptibility for substance use disorders, and (2) that eye tracking variables may identify genetic risk for schizophrenia.

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Comorbidity of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity and Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Neurocognitive Effects of Methamphetamine: A Critical Review and Meta-analysis

Neurocognitive Effects of Methamphetamine: A Critical Review and Meta-analysis

Prevalence of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in opiate-dependent adults

Identifying psychophysiological risk for psychopathology: Examples from substance abuse and schizophrenia research

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