Comorbidity Is a Better Predictor of Impaired Immunity than Chronological Age in Older Adults

Castle, Steven; Uyemura, Koichi; Rafi, A.W.; Akande, Omosalewa; Makinodan, Takashi

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53512.x

Cited by 64 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Of the non-modifiable patient factors, senescence has consistently been shown to be associated with lower ln yield 18,20,22,[24][25][26] . That observation might reflect decreased immune response with aging 27 and comorbidity 28 . Right-sided tumours are also known to be associated with higher ln counts [18][19][20][21][22][24][25][26]29 , likely a result of a larger mesenteric surface and the presence of multiple vascular trunks 30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Galon et al 41 coined the term "immune contexture" to describe the effect of the local host immune reaction in crc. There is a negative association between senescence and decreased nodal count 27 , and possibly a stronger association between comorbidity and diminished immunity 28 ; also, patients with crcs that genomically harbour microsatellite instability have a propensity for right-sided malignancies 42 , higher ln yields 43 , and better overall prognosis 44 . Given those findings, it is entirely plausible that ln yield is the surrogate marker for an immune response that reflects inherent prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lymph Node Evaluation for Colon Cancer in Routine Clinical Practice: A Population-Based Study

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymph Node Evaluation for Colon Cancer in Routine Clinical Practice: A Population-Based Study

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One major difficulty here is to dissect the role of aging in the decreased immune response compared to the role of chronic disease, itself causing immune alterations exacerbating other chronic diseases (Castle et al 2005(Castle et al , 2007. The question is whether a high chronic disease burden leads to impaired immunity or the impaired immunity leads to high chronic disease burden or perhaps more likely, interactions in both directions.…”

Section: Frailty and Age-related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging, frailty and age-related diseases

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The concept of frailty as a medically distinct syndrome has evolved based on the clinical experience of geriatricians and is clinically well recognizable. Frailty is a nonspecific state of vulnerability, which reflects multisystem physiological change. These changes underlying frailty do not always achieve disease status, so some people, usually very elderly, are frail without a specific life threatening illness. Current thinking is that not only physical but also psychological, cognitive and social factors contribute to this syndrome and need to be taken into account in its definition and treatment. Together, these signs and symptoms seem to reflect a reduced functional reserve and consequent decrease in adaptation (resilience) to any sort of stressor and perhaps even in the absence of extrinsic stressors. The overall consequence is that frail elderly are at higher risk for accelerated physical and cognitive decline, disability and death. All these characteristics associated with frailty can easily be applied to the definition and characterization of the aging process per se and there is little consensus in the literature concerning the physiological/biological pathways associated with or determining frailty. It is probably true to say that a consensus view would implicate heightened chronic systemic inflammation as a major contributor to frailty. This review will focus on the relationship between aging, frailty and age-related diseases, and will highlight possible interventions to reduce the occurrence and effects of frailty in elderly people.

show abstract

“…Other studies have shown that some clinical conditions often found in the elderly, such as cardiovascular disease and other chronic conditions, may also contribute to a decreased immune response to influenza vaccine. In addition, influenza is caused by a viral agent with many different serotypes, which render it a highly prevalent disease; that can also affect the rate of vaccine protection [23][24][25] . To better discuss these data it is very important to take into account the limitations of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of influenza and adherence to the anti-flu vaccination among elderly

Nakamura

Mello

Silva

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction:The flu, a condition that can affect the elderly by increasing the risk of serious complications can be prevented through vaccination. Estimate the prevalence of signs and symptoms suggestive of influenza in a group of elderly either vaccinated or unvaccinated against influenza was the objective this study. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study performed in a Brazilian City. A structured questionnaire was employed to identify the presence of signs and symptoms of influenza in individuals aged 60 years or over. For analysis of associations between variables the prevalence ratio (PR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were used. Results: One hundred ninety-six participants were interviewed, of whom 57.7% were female. The average age was 69.7 years. About 25% of the vaccinated and 20% of the unvaccinated in 2009, and 25% of the vaccinated and 22.5% of the unvaccinated in 2010 reported having the flu. Among the vaccinated and unvaccinated in 2009 and 2010, there was no verified association between vaccination and influenza (PR=1.24; [95% CI: 0.63-2.43] and PR=1.11; [95% CI: 0.59-2.09], respectively). Conclusions: This study suggests that, among the elderly selected, the vaccination coverage for influenza is below the ideal, even with projection of the best indices for 2011 (~ 84%). The data on vaccination and disease protection needs further research; however, the results point to the need for measures to better clarify to this population about the disease, its complications and the benefits of vaccination, in addition to combatting the stigma related to low adherence.

show abstract

Comorbidity Is a Better Predictor of Impaired Immunity than Chronological Age in Older Adults

Cited by 64 publications

References 20 publications

Lymph Node Evaluation for Colon Cancer in Routine Clinical Practice: A Population-Based Study

Lymph Node Evaluation for Colon Cancer in Routine Clinical Practice: A Population-Based Study

Aging, frailty and age-related diseases

Prevalence of influenza and adherence to the anti-flu vaccination among elderly

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About