Comorbidities with chronic physical conditions and gender profiles of illness in schizophrenia. Results from PREST, a new health dataset

Gabilondo, Andrea; Alonso-Morán, Edurne; Nuño-Solinís, Roberto; Orueta, Juan F.; Iruín, Álvaro

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.12.011

Cited by 40 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although, previous studies have suggested underdiagnoses and under‐treatment of somatic diseases in patients with schizophrenia, as compared to the general population . Our finding that nearly all somatic disease categories (except cancer disease) were more prevalent in patients with schizophrenia suggests that patients with schizophrenia in general do have more somatic disease, and does not directly support previous studies that have reported a general lack of somatic disease diagnostics in these patients . However, antipsychotics, antidepressants, and anxiolytics have weight gain properties that interfere with the number of patients who develop diseases such as cardiovascular, endocrine, and neurologic diseases in patients with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…In the general population, somatic multimorbidity is associated with functional decline, decreased quality of life, higher healthcare costs, and an increased risk of premature mortality, with most research on somatic multimorbidity focusing on older people in the general population . Few recent studies have reported an increased risk of somatic multimorbidity in patients with schizophrenia ; thus, understanding the potential contributing effect of somatic multimorbidity to mortality rates in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia is essential. Moreover, identifying which somatic disease categories contribute the most to increased mortality rates will enable targeted preventive healthcare strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased mortality from somatic multimorbidity in patients with schizophrenia: a Danish nationwide cohort study

Kugathasan

Stubbs

Aagaard

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Nielsen RE. Increased mortality from somatic multimorbidity in patients with schizophrenia: a Danish nationwide cohort study.Objective: To investigate the association of single-and multimorbidity with mortality rates in patients with schizophrenia compared to the general population. Method: A nationwide cohort study including residents in Denmark between 1995 and 2015. The cohort was dichotomously divided by a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Somatic diseases included infections, cancer, endocrine, neurologic, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, skin, musculoskeletal, and urogenital diseases. Hazard ratios (HRs) and population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated. Results: The cohort included 30 210 patients with schizophrenia [mean age (SD) = 32.6 (11.4), males = 57.2%], and 5 402 611 from the general population [mean age (SD) = 33.0 (14.5), males = 50.4%]. All number of somatic diseases were associated with an increased mortality in schizophrenia [HR = 16.3 (95% CI = 15.4-17.3) for 1 disease to 21.0 (95% CI = 19.1-23.0) for ≥5 diseases], using the general population with no somatic disease as reference. Across all somatic diseases, patients with schizophrenia showed a HR > 2, compared to the general population, and respiratory (PAF = 9.3%), digestive (PAF = 8.2%), and cardiovascular (PAF = 7.9%) diseases showed largest contributions to death. Conclusions: Patients with schizophrenia showed higher mortality on all levels of multimorbidity, and a doubled mortality rate across all somatic diseases, compared to the general population. The findings suggest that the clusters and trajectories of symptoms associated with schizophrenia is the main driver of the excess mortality. Significant outcomes• In this nationwide cohort study, we found an increased mortality rate across all levels of somatic multimorbidity in patients with schizophrenia, compared to the general population.• Different somatic disease systems contribute to the increased mortality in patients with schizophrenia; however, the results point toward the signs and symptoms associated with schizophrenia as the main driver of the excess mortality. Limitations• We were not able to adjust for important confounders, such as cigarette smoking, diet habits, and physical activity, as these variables are not available in the Danish registers.• Information on the severity of the somatic condition was lacking.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased mortality from somatic multimorbidity in patients with schizophrenia: a Danish nationwide cohort study

Kugathasan

Stubbs

Aagaard

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Social interest in lifestyle and physical health issues including cigarette use, heavy alcohol consumption, a poor diet, and lack of exercise is persistent and increasing in patients with mental illness such as schizophrenia . Nutritional issues are one of these problems, and nurses should pay attention to nutritional status in patients with schizophrenia because nutritional status can affect health outcomes and quality of life .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors related to malnutrition in community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia

Kim

et al. 2018

Perspect Psychiatr Care

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Purpose This study aims to identify demographic, clinical, and nutritional factors related to malnutrition in community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia. Design and Methods We used a descriptive cross‐sectional design. Between June and July 2016, 188 community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia were included in this study. Findings Of the 188 participants, 4.3% were classified as malnourished, and 40.4% were at risk of malnutrition. Living status, body weight, and appetite were significant factors related to malnutrition in community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia. Practice Implication Assessment of nutritional status should be considered along with demographic and nutritional factors in community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia.

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“…21 These results were in keeping with previous studies that found longer lengths of stay, a greater number of ward transfers and a greater number of episodes of previous deliberate acts of selfharm were all positively associated with suicide. 22,23 Most schizophrenia patients requiring longer-term care tend to have poor lifestyle behaviour, with at least one medical comorbidity compared to the general population.- 24,25 As such, most of the population of chronic institutionalized patients would be predisposed to negative consequences, such as deteriorating mental and physical health, depression, limited external support and lack of family warmth. Studies revealed that risk factors for suicide in inpatients with schizophrenia included depression and those who have lived alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Prevalence and Factors Associated with Suicidal Ideation in Institutionalized Patients with Schizophrenia</p>

Chong¹,

Wahab²,

Muthukrishnan³

et al. 2020

PRBM

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Purpose The shorter life expectancy and increased risk of suicide in patients with schizophrenia have been well documented. However, study outcomes on suicidality in this special population have been few to date. This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation in a population of institutionalized patients with schizophrenia. Methods Two hundred fifty-six patients with schizophrenia between the age of 18 and 65 years were randomly recruited. This cross-sectional study utilised the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale (PSYRATS-AH). Univariate analysis was performed using an independent t -test or chi-square test, followed by binary logistic regression to determine the factors associated with increased suicidal risks. Results The socio-demographic factors associated with suicidal ideation included level of education ( p =0.039); secondary-level education (OR=5.76, 95% CI:1.49, 22.34, p =0.011) and tertiary-level education (OR=9.30, 95% CI: 1.80, 48.12, p =0.008) posed a greater risk. A history of attempted suicide (OR=2.09, 95% CI: 1.01, 4.36, p =0.049) and the presence of co-morbid physical illnesses (OR=2.07, 95% CI: 1.02, 4.21, p =0.044) were also found to be associated with a suicidal ideation. Other significant factors associated with suicidal thoughts were concurrent depression (OR=9.68, 95% CI: 3.74, 25.05, p <0.001) and a higher PSYRATS score in emotional characteristics of auditory hallucinations (OR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.21, p <0.001). Conclusion Suicide in schizophrenia appears to be more closely associated with certain socio-demographic factors and affective symptoms. Appropriate screening and treatment addressing these challenges must be emphasized if suicidal thoughts and actions are to be reduced.

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Comorbidities with chronic physical conditions and gender profiles of illness in schizophrenia. Results from PREST, a new health dataset

Cited by 40 publications

References 27 publications

Increased mortality from somatic multimorbidity in patients with schizophrenia: a Danish nationwide cohort study

Increased mortality from somatic multimorbidity in patients with schizophrenia: a Danish nationwide cohort study

Factors related to malnutrition in community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia

<p>Prevalence and Factors Associated with Suicidal Ideation in Institutionalized Patients with Schizophrenia</p>

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