Factors related to malnutrition in community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia

Abstract

Purpose This study aims to identify demographic, clinical, and nutritional factors related to malnutrition in community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia. Design and Methods We used a descriptive cross‐sectional design. Between June and July 2016, 188 community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia were included in this study. Findings Of the 188 participants, 4.3% were classified as malnourished, and 40.4% were at risk of malnutrition. Living status, body weight, and appetite were significant factors related to malnutrition in community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia. Practice Implication Assessment of nutritional status should be considered along with demographic and nutritional factors in community‐dwelling patients with schizophrenia.

Double burden of malnutrition amongst patients with first-episode schizophrenia in a psychiatric hospital: A 1-year follow-up study

“…Although a previous study identified depressive symptoms as a risk factor for undernutrition, 30 this study did not explore the effect of depressive symptoms rather the dimensions of symptoms were assessed. However, similar to the findings of this study, Kim et al 12 reported that living status and baseline weight were significant predictors of malnutrition amongst community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia. Several reports in the literature have linked homelessness with nutritional status of both mentally ill and persons without mental illness.…”

“…A growing concern is the malnutrition related to diseases, especially chronic physical and mental disorders. 8 , 10 , 11 Psychiatric patients are known to have increased risk of malnutrition, 12 , 13 , 14 yet physical examinations and nutritional assessments are not routinely performed and followed up by psychiatrists and other mental health professionals. 15 Although literature on the DBM amongst patients with schizophrenia is sparse globally, 16 Sugai et al 13 reported the prevalence of underweight and overweight + obesity amongst patients with schizophrenia in a Japanese psychiatric hospital as 13.8% and 30.2%, respectively.…”

Nutrition risk screening methods for adults living with severe mental illness: A scoping review

“…7,13,14 Increased rates of malnutrition, specifically undernutrition, in inpatients with schizophrenia have also been observed, 15 which may be acquired both during or prior to admission. Contributing factors include long-term hospitalisation, 15 food insecurity, 16,17 disordered eating 18,19 or increased energy expenditure caused by mental state (ie, mania, agitation). 9 Clinical features of schizophrenia such as paranoid delusions, can increase malnutrition risk, for example, a person who believes their food or drink to be poisoned, may refuse these 8 resulting in reduced nutritional and hydration intake.…”

Gastrointestinal and liver disease in patients with schizophrenia: A narrative review

“…Patients with schizophrenia are acknowledged as being at higher risk of an unhealthy lifestyle compared to the general population[ 17 ]. They may have an unbalanced diet, poor self-care, avoid certain foods due to paranoid delusions or hallucinations, and withdraw from physical and social activities, leading to a lack of exercise[ 22 ]. Yan et al [ 18 ] in their 2017 study emphasised the role of negative symptoms in young men with schizophrenia and NAFLD; a negative factor score in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was significantly associated with a NAFLD diagnosis ( P = 0.025).…”