Como sou, como estou: imagem corporal e estado nutricional em mulheres solicitantes de cirurgia plástica estética

Abstract

The specialty of Plastic Surgery corresponds to the branch of surgery that aims to restore parts of the organism altered by congenital or acquired deformities, as well as, correct the aesthetic disharmony. In recent years, there has been an expressive increase in the number of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (APS) performed in the world and in Brazil. Among the main surgical procedures in Brazil are: breast augmentation, blepharoplasty, liposuction and abdominoplasty, with women being the majority, in addition to being more dissatisfied with their appearance in relation to men. This situation may be one of the main reasons for the pursuit of APS. Body Image (BI) is represented by attitudinal and perceptive dimensions, which are related to the appearance of individuals suffering socio-cultural influences, among other elements of the environment, that can affect their behavior and attitudes. The objective of the present study was to investigate Body Image (BI) and the Nutritional Status (NS) of women requesting APS in a private APS service in the city of Ribeirão Preto / SP. A sample of 40 adult women divided into two groups, Clinical and Comparative, with similar age, educational and socioeconomic characteristics. Participants answered the Sample Characterization Questionnaire, Brazil Economic Classification Criterion, Multidimensional body-self relation questionnaire-Appearance scale, Inventory of Schemes on Appearance-Revised, and performed an evaluation of nutritional status through anthropometric evaluation, body composition and biochemical analysis of blood and urine. The results obtained for G1 were: the majority of participants who were overweight and obese, were unsatisfied since childhood / adolescence, attempted changes in eating behavior following blogs, magazines, use of fad diets and applications, did not perform nutritional monitoring with nutritionist, had a severe level of concern about their Nutritional Status (NS) according to BMI and were anxious about being overweight. They were also more motivated and over-invested in beliefs about body image, frequent use of psychotropic drugs and psychotherapeutic follow-up. The G2 participants were mostly Eutrophic, more satisfied with G1, had not changed their eating behavior in the last 30 days, nor did they perform nutritional monitoring because they cared little about the Nutritional Status. They also did not invest in the same proportion in BI-related beliefs, nor did they follow psychotherapeutic and psychotropic use. Therefore, greater attention is needed in relation to NS and the psychotherapeutic follow-up of these women directed at individual needs. In this sense, the early detection and prevention of possible risks and future complications caused by nutritional deficiencies and inadequate behaviors can contribute significantly to the guarantee of more satisfactory surgical results, as well, as the reduction of expenditures with the Unified Health Sistem (SUS) and Complementary Health System), as well as, the reduction of emotional stress and possible l...