Communication System Design for an Advanced Metering Infrastructure

Abstract

This paper primarily deals with the design of an Information and Control Technology (ICT) network for an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) on the IEEE 34 node radial distribution network. The application is comprised of 330 smart meters deployed in the low voltage system and 33 data concentrators in the medium voltage system. A power line carrier (PLC) communication system design is developed and simulated in Network Simulator 3 (NS-3). The simulation result is validated by comparing the communication network performance with the minimum performance requirements for AMI. The network delay of a single data frame is calculated and compared with the simulation delay. The design methodology proposed in this article may be used for other smart grid applications. The secondary goal is to provide AMI network traffic based on the IEC Std. 61968 and a discussion on whether or not AMI could possibly be a source of big data on the future power grid.

NB‐IoT optimisation: Holistic view for smart cities applications with smart meters networks case study

“…From the system throughput aspect, it is improved from 23.82 to 42.49 Mbps at 1680 SM terminals after our proposal. Comparing to the optimisation in [36] which the highest achievable throughput was below 500 bps at 5000 IoT terminals with 20 byte for the packet size whereas at our traffic condition the smallest packet size was 23 byte [46]. Our proposal operated on 4 MHz bandwidth comprises 228 NB‐IoT single tones of 15 kHz bandwidth.…”

“… From the system throughput aspect, it is improved from 23.82 to 42.49 Mbps at 1680 SM terminals after our proposal. Comparing to the optimisation in [36] which the highest achievable throughput was below 500 bps at 5000 IoT terminals with 20 byte for the packet size whereas at our traffic condition the smallest packet size was 23 byte [46]. Our proposal operated on 4 MHz bandwidth comprises 228 NB‐IoT single tones of 15 kHz bandwidth. From the spectral efficiency aspect, its improvement doubled,where 5.95 b/s Hz –1 before became 10.62 b/s Hz –1 after our proposal. The second main KPI is the number of served SM terminals from different utilities which simultaneously request access.…”

“…And consequently the total numbers of SMs in this district is 5800. According to [46, 47], the traffic profile for these ESM is described in Table 1. For the SM traffic profile that is described in [47], we modified the IGT from 60 to 15 min and was applied this profile on SWM.…”

Review of key management techniques for advanced metering infrastructure

“…There are three networks which are home area network (HAN), neighbourhood area network (NAN) and wide area network (WAN). 13 HAN uses Zigbee technology, NAN uses Wi-Fi technology and WAN uses the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) technology. Figure 3 illustrates the three communication networks.…”

False Data Injection Threats in Active Distribution Systems: A Comprehensive Survey

“…Secure Communication & Aggregation Protocols: Active distribution networks feature bi-directional flow of critical data and messages. Throughout this review, we have uncovered that AMI communications can easily be subverted to inject corrupted measurements into the data Siqueira de Carvalho, Kumar Sen, Nag Velaga, Feksa Ramos and Neves Canha (2018). Furthermore, attackers are enable to actively participate in the data aggregation process to input falsified data into the network Wang and Lu (2013).…”