Communicable and non-communicable disease risks at the Grand Magal of Touba: The largest mass gathering in Senegal

Sokhna, Cheikh; Mboup, Balla Mbacké; Sow, Papa Gallo; Camara, Gaoussou; Dieng, Mamadou; Sylla, Mbaké; Guéye, Lamine; Sow, Doudou; Diallo, Aldiouma; Parola, Philippe; Raoult, Didier; Gautret, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2017.08.005

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Most of the available local public medical infrastructures are involved in the medical preparation, surveillance and response during the event [1]. Most of the available local public medical infrastructures are involved in the medical preparation, surveillance and response during the event [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections at the 2017 Grand Magal de Touba, Senegal: A prospective cohort survey

Hoang

Goumballa

Dao

et al. 2019

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

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Background: The Grand Magal of Touba is the largest Muslim pilgrimage in Senegal with a potential for infectious disease transmission. Methods: Clinical follow-up, adherence to preventive measures and qPCR-based respiratory and gastrointestinal pathogens carriage pre-and post-Magal, were assessed. Results: 110 pilgrims from South Senegal were included. The duration of stay in Touba was 3 days. 41.8% and 14.5% pilgrims reported respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. Most individuals having the onset of symptoms during their stay in Touba, or soon after returning. The acquisition of rhinoviruses, coronaviruses and adenovirus was 13.0, 16.7 and 4.6% respectively and that of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae was 3.7% and 26.9%.Acquisition of gastrointestinal viruses and parasites was low, while bacterial acquisition ranged from 2.2% for Campylobacter jejuni to 33.0% for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Conclusion: This preliminary study confirms that Grand Magal pilgrims are likely to be exposed to communicable disease risk as observed in other pilgrimage settings. Further study including larger numbers of pilgrims are needed to investigate potential risk factors for respiratory and gastrointestinal infections at the Grand Magal.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the registers of consultations carried out in the public health structures of the region, we evaluated the number and the profile of morbidity observed during the pilgrimage of 2015 among 32,229 in and out-patients [1]. The most frequent complaints were fatigue (12%) followed by trauma (11%) and heatstroke (11%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections at the 2017 Grand Magal de Touba, Senegal: A prospective cohort survey

Hoang

Goumballa

Dao

et al. 2019

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

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“…In the present study, environmental risks threatening the health of participants in MGs included weather risks such as cold, environmental heat,[1215161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142] precipitation,[12] higher humidity,[121520313842] long distance of gatherings and austere environment,[18] mobility of population,[3142] gatherings in outside (external) and unbounded venues,[32] MGs exposed to traffic accidents,[19] the participants’ number and crowd density,[15182028293139] insect bites, and sunburns. [40]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In public health domain, risks that threaten the participants’ health in MGs extracted from the study included probability of outbreak and spread of infectious diseases,[192641] unsuitable sanitation and hygiene of water and improper food quality,[2741] improper disposal of wet and dry waste,[27] and finally lack of disease monitoring and surveillance systems. [192527]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the risks due to lack of support on resources and inefficiency of gatherings’ safety recognized in this domain were reported as Lack or shortage of patient care workers such as Physicians or Paramedics;[181926313336] flow directions;[20] risk assessment;[20] communication;[20] pre-event advice;[23] a plan for vaccination before gatherings;[2526] coordination;[26] free water as well as terrorist attacks; difficult access to water and food;[28] difficult access to medical facilities;[262732] and duration of MG.[38]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risks threatening the health of people participating in mass gatherings: A systematic review

Tavan

Tafti

Nekoie-Moghadam

et al. 2019

J Edu Health Promot

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Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in savanna landscapes

Lindshield

Hernández‐Aguilar

Korstjens

et al. 2021

Evolutionary Anthropology

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Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are the only great apes that inhabit hot, dry, and open savannas. We review the environmental pressures of savannas on chimpanzees, such as food and water scarcity, and the evidence for chimpanzees' behavioral responses to these landscapes. In our analysis, savannas were generally associated with low chimpanzee population densities and large home ranges. In addition, thermoregulatory behaviors that likely reduce hyperthermia risk, such as cave use, were frequently observed in the hottest and driest savanna landscapes. We hypothesize that such responses are evidence of a “savanna landscape effect” in chimpanzees and offer pathways for future research to understand its evolutionary processes and mechanisms. We conclude by discussing the significance of research on savanna chimpanzees to modeling the evolution of early hominin traits and informing conservation programs for these endangered apes.

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Communicable and non-communicable disease risks at the Grand Magal of Touba: The largest mass gathering in Senegal

Cited by 38 publications

References 18 publications

Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections at the 2017 Grand Magal de Touba, Senegal: A prospective cohort survey

Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections at the 2017 Grand Magal de Touba, Senegal: A prospective cohort survey

Risks threatening the health of people participating in mass gatherings: A systematic review

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in savanna landscapes

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