Commonality of a Virulence Factor among Yersinia Species

Harrison, Daniel N.; Laird, W; Robinson, David M.; Cavanaugh, Dan C.

doi:10.1093/infdis/141.3.413

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…On the other hand, two rare E. coli clinical isolates, E. coli Phi and E. coli CA42, are known to be pesticin sensitive (6,18,45). Nevertheless, pesticin sensitivity has been proved to correlate with the virulence of yersiniae (7,26,29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, pYV-harboring yersiniae can be divided into two groups. (i) Y. pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis, and Y. enterocolitica biotype 1B belong to the mouse-lethal group (50% lethal intravenous dose [LD 50 ], Ͻ10 3 organisms), and (ii) the mouse-nonlethal group (intravenous LD 50 , Ͼ10 5 organisms) consists of Y. enterocolitica strains of non-1B biotypes (8,11,28).It has been shown that the mouse lethality trait in yersiniae is closely related to sensitivity to the lethal effect of pesticin, a bacteriocin produced by Y. pestis (6,7,26). The exceptions to this rule are Y. pestis strains which are immune to pesticin activity because of the presence of the immunity gene (31, 46) and non-serotype O1 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis which are insensitive to pesticin (6,7,29,45).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that the mouse lethality trait in yersiniae is closely related to sensitivity to the lethal effect of pesticin, a bacteriocin produced by Y. pestis (6,7,26). The exceptions to this rule are Y. pestis strains which are immune to pesticin activity because of the presence of the immunity gene (31, 46) and non-serotype O1 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis which are insensitive to pesticin (6,7,29,45).…”

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Evidence for two evolutionary lineages of highly pathogenic Yersinia species

1995

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Sensitivity to Yersinia pestis bacteriocin pesticin correlates with the existence of two groups of human pathogenic yersiniae, mouse lethal and mouse nonlethal. The presence of the outer membrane pesticin receptor (FyuA) in mouse-lethal yersiniae is a prerequisite for pesticin sensitivity. Genes that code for FyuA (fyuA) were identified and sequenced from pesticin-sensitive bacteria, including Y. enterocolitica biotype 1B (serotypes O8, O13, O20, and O21), Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype O1, Y. pestis, two known pesticin-sensitive Escherichia coli isolates (E. coli Phi and E. coli CA42), and two newly discovered pesticin-sensitive isolates, E. coli K49 and K235. A 2,318-bp fyuA sequence was shown to be highly conserved in all pesticin-sensitive bacteria, including E. coli strains (DNA sequence homology was 98.5 to 99.9%). The same degree of DNA homology (97.8 to 100%) was established for the sequenced 276-bp fragment of the irp2 gene that encodes high-molecular-weight protein 2, which is also thought to be involved in the expression of virulence by Yersinia species. Highly conserved irp2 was also found in all pesticin-sensitive E. coli strains. On the basis of the fyuA and irp2 sequence homologies, two evolutionary groups of highly pathogenic Yersinia species can be established. One group includes Y. enterocolitica biotype 1B strains, while the second includes Y. pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype O1, and irp2-positive Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype O3 strains. E. coli Phi, CA42, K49, and K235 belong to the second group. The possible proximity of these two iron-regulated genes (fyuA and irp2), as well as their high levels of sequence conservation and similar G؉C contents (56.2 and 59.8 mol%), leads to the assumption that these two genes may represent part of an unstable pathogenicity island that has been acquired by pesticin-sensitive bacteria as a result of a horizontal transfer.Human pathogenic yersiniae are known either as the causative agent of plague (Yersinia pestis) or as food-borne pathogens (Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica) that cause intestinal diseases (5). The pathogenicity of each of these species depends on the presence of a closely related 70-kb virulence plasmid, pYV (1,17,22,38). Although the presence of pYV is absolutely required for pathogenicity, strains of these species can be distinguished by their virulence for mice, suggesting that the mouse virulence or lethality trait is determined by an additional chromosomal locus. Accordingly, pYV-harboring yersiniae can be divided into two groups. (i) Y. pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis, and Y. enterocolitica biotype 1B belong to the mouse-lethal group (50% lethal intravenous dose [LD 50 ], Ͻ10 3 organisms), and (ii) the mouse-nonlethal group (intravenous LD 50 , Ͼ10 5 organisms) consists of Y. enterocolitica strains of non-1B biotypes (8,11,28).It has been shown that the mouse lethality trait in yersiniae is closely related to sensitivity to the lethal effect of pesticin, a bacteriocin produced by Y. pestis (6,7,26). The ex...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Evidence for two evolutionary lineages of highly pathogenic Yersinia species

1995

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“…Initially, indirect evidence for a role of the HPI in the expression of a high pathogenicity phenotype was obtained through the observation of a strict correlation between the presence of HPIspecific genes or products and the level of pathogenicity of a large number of natural Yersinia isolates (Harrison et al, 1980;Carniel et al, 1987;Carniel et al, 1989;Heesemann, 1987;De Almeida et al, 1993;Heesemann et al, 1993a;Chambers and Sokol, 1994;Rakin et al, 1995). Definitive proofs for its role in Yersinia pathogenesis were acquired by mutagenizing various HPI-borne loci.…”

Section: Role Of the Hpi In Yersinia Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis

Carniel¹,

Autenrieth²,

Cornelis³

et al. 2006

The Prokaryotes

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“…The virulent human serotypes also differ from one another with respect to their physiology and laboratory animal virulence (Smith et al 1981;Lee et al 1981;). Serotype 0:8 strains are lethal to mice either orally or by intraperitoneal injection (Carter et al 1973;Carter 1975a,b;Quan et al 1974), are Serkny test-positive (Feeley et al 1979) and sensitive to pesticin I (Carter et al 1980;Harrison et al 1980). In contrast, strains belonging to serotypes 0:3 and 0:9 are not lethal to mice Smith et al 1981), are Serkny test-negative (D. L. Zink unpublished observation) and are resistant to pesticin I (Harrison et al.…”

Section: Pathogenicity and Virulencementioning

confidence: 99%