Common and Specific Sources of Regional Sympathetic Outflows in Cerebral Ischemia, Cushing Reaction, and Asphyxia

Kocsis, Bernát; Gebber, Gerard L.; Fedina, L

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-75507-1_3

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The generation of directionally opposite changes in the level of activity in sympathetic nerves innervating different target organs, which is evident after intravenous IL-1␤ administration (36,42), provides one strategy for the selective regulation of efferent SND. A second strategy involves reducing the frequency-domain coupling between discharges in sympathetic nerve pairs (2,20,23,26,28). In the present study, peak coherence values relating SND bursts in renal-IBAT and splenic-lumbar sympathetic nerve pairs were not reduced after IL-1␤, demonstrating that uncoupling of discharges in sympathetic nerve pairs is not a strategy employed by sympathetic neural circuits to selectively control efferent nerve outflow after IL-1␤ administration.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

“…First, directionally opposite changes in the level of activity in sympathetic nerves innervating different targets have been observed during numerous experimental interventions (3,14,17,18,23,34,45,47). Second, sympathetic nerve discharge (SND) bursts in nerves innervating different targets can uncouple (i.e., reduced coherence) during various experimental interventions (2,20,23,26,28), pro-viding evidence for stress-induced selectivity in the SND bursting pattern. Importantly, it is known that the pattern of sympathetic nerve stimulation can influence neurotransmitter release and peripheral vasoconstrictor responses (30,37,39) and that pattern transformation is one strategy used by the sympathetic nervous system for mediating sympathoexcitation to acute heat stress (22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the effect of IL-1␤ on the frequency-domain relationships between discharges in sympathetic nerve pairs is not known. This is a critical omission because synchronized discharges in sympathetic nerve pairs can uncouple in response to selected experimental interventions (2,20,23,26,28), thereby providing, in addition to nonuniform changes in the level of nerve activity, an important strategy by which the nervous system can exert selective control over efferent SND.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Altered frequency responses of sympathetic nerve discharge bursts after IL-1β and mild hypothermia

Kenney

Blecha²,

Fels³

et al. 2002

Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) administration produces nonuniform changes in the level of sympathetic nerve discharge (SND), the effect of IL-1beta on the frequency-domain relationships between discharges in different sympathetic nerves is not known. Autospectral and coherence analyses were used to determine the effect of IL-1beta and mild hypothermia (60 min after IL-1beta, colonic temperature from 38 degrees C to 36 degrees C) on the relationships between renal-interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) and splenic-lumbar sympathetic nerve discharges in chloralose-anesthetized rats. The following observations were made. 1) IL-1beta did not alter renal-IBAT coherence values in the 0- to 2-Hz frequency band or at the cardiac frequency (CF). 2) Peak coherence values relating splenic-lumbar discharges at the CF were significantly increased after IL-1beta and during hypothermia. 3) Hypothermia after IL-1beta significantly reduced the coupling (0-2 Hz and CF) between renal-IBAT but not splenic-lumbar SND bursts. 4) Combining IL-1beta and mild hypothermia had a greater effect on renal-IBAT SND coherence values than did mild hypothermia alone. These data demonstrate functional plasticity in sympathetic neural circuits and suggest complex relationships between immune products and SND regulation.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Altered frequency responses of sympathetic nerve discharge bursts after IL-1β and mild hypothermia

Kenney

Blecha²,

Fels³

et al. 2002

Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At rest, the power spectra of these SNDs are very similar and there is a high coherence between each pair of these three nerves (Kocsis et al 1990). However, the coherence can considerably decrease during asphyxia and the power spectra can change in different ways both during asphyxia and cerebral ischaemia (Kocsis, Gebber & Fedina, 1991 b). The purpose of the present quantitative analysis was to determine if the changes in different frequency bands have any regional specificity and whether these SND components are generated by specific or related neural circuits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential sympathetic reactions during cerebral ischaemia in cats: the role of desynchronized nerve discharge.

Kocsis¹,

Fedina²,

Gyimesi-Pelczer³

et al. 1993

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY1. Sympathetic nerve discharge (SND) of three postganglionic nerves with different functions and anatomical locations was simultaneously recorded at rest and during severe cerebral ischaemia (Cushing reaction). The three nerves, controlling the heart (inferior cardiac nerve), visceral (renal nerve) and skeletal muscle circulation (vertebral nerve), were selected with the assumption that their activity pattern will represent the differential central autonomic command to the major players of the circulatory response to cerebral ischaemia.2. Changes in the power density spectra of the nerve signals, and in the pairwise coherence functions, elicited by the cerebral ischaemia, were evaluated separately for the rhythmic (R-SND, i.e. between 0 and 6 Hz) and high-frequency (HF-SND, i.e. between 12 and 100 Hz) components of the nerve signals.3. The sympathetic nerve response to cerebral ischaemia developed in two phases. Phase 1 was a massive R-SND reaction and phase 2 was characterized by SND desynchronization and by the emergence of HF-SND. The power of HF-SND occupied a wide band between 12 and 80 Hz with maximum between 20 and 30 Hz. All three nerves were involved in the Cushing response but the magnitude and character of the reactions were specific for each nerve. In the cardiac nerve, the power of the rhythmic component of the discharge increased almost twice the control and remained dominant during the whole reaction, strongly modulating HF-SND during the second phase. In the vasomotor nerves, R-SND was suppressed during phase 2 and HF-SND occupied 65 % of the total power of the signal. Near equal Rto HF-SND proportions, however, were reached on different activity levels in renal and vertebral nerves. Whereas total renal SND did not change, the power of the vertebral SND increased more than twice. In addition, desynchronization in the vertebral SND was preceded by a massive R-SND reaction during phase 1, which was missing in the renal nerve.4. For all possible nerve pairs, R-SND was highly coherent before the reaction and remained so during intracranial pressure elevation, regardless of the direction and magnitude of the changes in absolute and/or relative power of this component in different nerves. On the other hand, HF-SND never correlated between any of the MS 1149 B. KOCSIS AND OTHERS nerve pairs indicating that this component in each nerve originated from specific sources of regional sympathetic activity.5. We conclude that the sympathetic nervous system is capable of generating different types of activity, including rhythmic and desynchronized discharges, and these activity patterns play an important role in generating differential sympathetic nerve response to cerebral ischaemia. Different sympathetic networks controlling different cardiovascular effectors, due to their specific properties (i.e. unequal capability of synchronization or desynchronization of the discharge), may convert the general excitatory effect of the cerebral ischaemia into specific discharge patterns with characteristic involvem...

show abstract

“…The action of a standard rebreathing test was evaluated on all insonated arteries. This hypoxic-hypercapnic stimulus is known to produce a powerful metabolic dilatation of brain vessels and a vasoconstrictor response in all extracranial territories (Kocsis et al 1991), with a consequent rise in ABP. The latter response is considerably weakened by anaesthesia, especially in rabbits, in which this standard test produces either a small decrease or no change in ABP .…”

Section: Probe Position and Bv Spectral Waveformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doppler Sonography to Monitor Flow in Different Cerebral Arteries in the Rabbit

Roatta¹,

Roncari²,

Micieli³

et al. 2000

Experimental Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most of the transcranial Doppler (TCD) experimental studies on cerebral haemodynamics have been performed in the rabbit because of the similarity between its Willis circle and that of the human, but these studies have mainly been limited to the basilar artery. The present study was aimed at extending the use of TCD sonography to all other large cerebral arteries. In anaesthetised rabbits, these arteries were insonated from three different recording sites, i.e. top-cranial, suboccipital and orbital, using a two-channel pulsed Doppler device equipped with 4 and 8 MHz probes. First, discrimination between intra- and extracranial arteries was achieved through a standard 'rebreathing' test (hypercapnic-hypoxic stimulation). The distinctive blood velocity response patterns, reflecting the different extents of metabolic reactivity in intra- and extracranial territories, are described and discussed. Intracranial arteries were then identified on the basis of their response to ipsi- and contralateral common carotid artery occlusion. This procedure allowed recording from the following arteries: anterior common trunk, anterior cerebral, internal carotid, middle cerebral and basilar; the latter could be simultaneously monitored with any of the others. This study provides an experimental model allowing investigation of regional differences in the haemodynamic response to neurogenic and pharmacological stimuli.

show abstract

Common and Specific Sources of Regional Sympathetic Outflows in Cerebral Ischemia, Cushing Reaction, and Asphyxia

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Altered frequency responses of sympathetic nerve discharge bursts after IL-1β and mild hypothermia

Altered frequency responses of sympathetic nerve discharge bursts after IL-1β and mild hypothermia

Differential sympathetic reactions during cerebral ischaemia in cats: the role of desynchronized nerve discharge.

Doppler Sonography to Monitor Flow in Different Cerebral Arteries in the Rabbit

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About