Common and separate origins of the left and right inferior phrenic artery with a review of the literature

Abstract

In a 94-year-old male cadaver, upon which routine dissection was being conducted, a rare variation was found in the gastrophrenic trunk (GPT) (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 3: 408-413)

Rare combined variations of the coeliac trunk, accessory hepatic and gastric arteries with co-occurrence of double cystic arteries

“…Double cystic arteries (or multiple cystic arteries) are observed in 8.9% [3]. The right inferior phrenic artery most frequently originates from the abdominal aorta [32]. Our case comprises more or less frequent variations of all mentioned arteries with accessory branches to liver, which makes it unique and allows us to show the significance of them in clinical practice for example in transplantology, cholecystectomy or surgical oncology.…”

“…Some of the researches distinguished the gastrophrenic trunk [16,22,26,28,32,37] as the common origin of the inferior phrenic artery and the LGA. The majority of the used classifications do not perceive it as a trunk and in most cases it is recognised in association with presence of the hepatosplenomesenteric trunk [16,22,26,28] but the co-occurrence with the hepatosplenic trunk also was described [32,37]. According to the classification proposed by Whitley et al [35], this type of trunk is not included but we came to the conclusion that it is important to mention this fact.…”