Commercial pole production in linear agroforestry systems

Subsistence harvesting of pole-size understorey species from Ongoye Forest Reserve, South Africa: Species preference, harvest intensity, and social correlates

“…These strategies arise from, and are designed to meet, the demand for commercial timber. However, they overlook the intensive use and potentially insidious ecological effects of intensive subsistence harvesting of pole-size trees (Hall and Rodgers, 1986;Peden et al, 1996;Vermeulen, 1996;Vermeulen et al, 1996;Semesi, 1998;Ham and Theron, 1999;Burgess et al, 2000;Obiri et al, 2002). For example, Obiri et al (2002) demonstrated that mostly pole-sized stems were harvested by subsistence users and furthermore, that a harvesting intensity of 10% of pole-size trees from relatively small forest patches in South Africa resulted in the local extinction of some understorey species.…”

IntercroppingCedrela odoratawith Shrubby Crop Species to Reduce Infestation withHypsipyla grandellaand Improve the Quality of Timber

“…Redundant parameter in the estimation algorithm (coded 0). 2 Because of easier interpretation of odds >1 control was not set as a reference category in this table. Comparison of treatments can be conversed using the reciprocal value of Exp( ).…”

“…Native to most of Central America, it is now widespread throughout subtropical and tropical life zones [1][2][3]. Despite its wide native range, individuals are not very common in natural forests and are mostly scattered in mixed semievergreen or semideciduous forests dominated by other species [4].…”