Commentary: High-intensity Intermittent Training vs. Moderate-intensity Intermittent Training: Is It a Matter of Intensity or Intermittent Efforts?

Gentil, Paulo; Vecchio, Fabrício Boscolo Del

doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00370

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Indeed, despite the mean difference of only 0.7 kg could not sound meaningful, it is almost two times higher for the more intense protocol. However, the effects of intermittence cannot be neglected, since MIIT was superior to MICT in some aspects, which reinforces previous propositions of the potential benefits [20], whilst confirms that it might be inferior to HIIT [21]. The HIIT group maintained a reduction in fat mass even after 4 weeks of detraining, but the fat mass returned to baseline levels after 2 weeks of detraining in the MICT and MIIT groups, which seem to confirm the potential cardiometabolic risk of detraining [35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Our study included MIIT, in which subjects executed a similar protocol to the HIIT group but at moderate intensity, in order to examine whether the benefits of HIIT were due to its intermittency or its intensity. Our findings suggest the MIIT promoted slightly better results in body composition than MICT, but statistically lower than HIIT, which suggests that intensity is an important factor to consider for this outcome, as previously suggested [21]. Indeed, despite the mean difference of only 0.7 kg could not sound meaningful, it is almost two times higher for the more intense protocol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…Jimenéz-Pavón [20] suggested that the benefits obtained from HIIT in obesity, health parameters, and cardiovascular disease factors were not due to its intensity, but its intermittent characteristics. However, Gentil and Del Vecchio questioned this by suggesting that the benefits could actually be from the intensity itself [21]. This controversy underlines the complexity associated with interval training, which prevents the drawing of general conclusions [22].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of high vs moderate-intensity intermittent training on functionality, resting heart rate and blood pressure of elderly women

Coswig¹,

Barbalho²,

Raiol³

et al. 2020

J Transl Med

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Background: The present study compared the effects of training and detraining periods of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on functional performance, body composition, resting blood pressure and heart rate in elderly women nursing home residents. Methods: Forty-six volunteers (age, 80.8 ± 5.2 y; body mass, 69.8 ± 5.2 kg, height, 164.2 ± 4.12 cm) were divided into groups that performed treadmill exercise twice-weekly HIIT (4 bouts of 4-min intervals at 85-95% of the maximal heart rate [HR max ], interspersed by 4 min at 65% HR max), MIIT (4 bouts of 4 min intervals at 55-75% HR max , interspersed by 4 min at 45-50% HR max) and MICT (30-min at 55-75% HR max). Tests were performed before and after 8 weeks of training and 2 and 4 weeks of detraining. ANCOVA was used to analyze dependent variable changes. Results: After 8 weeks HIIT promoted greater reductions in body mass (HIIT = − 1.6 ± 0.1 kg; MICT = − 0.9 ± 0.1 kg; MIIT = − 0.9 ± 0.1 kg; p = 0.001), fat mass (HIIT = − 2.2 ± 0.1%; MICT = − 0.7 ± 0.1%; MIIT = − 1.2 ± 0.1%; p < 0.001) and resting heart rate (HIIT = − 7.3 ± 0.3%; MICT = − 3.6 ± 0.3%; MIIT = − 5.1 ± 0.3%; p < 0.001) and greater improvement in the chair stand test (HIIT = 3.4 ± 0.1 reps; MICT = 2.5 ± 0.1 reps; MIIT = 3.1 ± 0.1 reps; p < 0.001) when compared to MIIT and MICT. These improvements were sustained after 2 and 4 weeks of detraining only in the HIIT group. Conclusion: HIIT promoted greater benefits for body composition and functional performance than MICT and MIIT and also showed less pronounced effects of detraining. This suggests that the intensity of physical exercise is an important factor to consider when prescribing exercise to the elderly.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of high vs moderate-intensity intermittent training on functionality, resting heart rate and blood pressure of elderly women

Coswig¹,

Barbalho²,

Raiol³

et al. 2020

J Transl Med

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“…These are critical processes for improving the acquisition of new skills, learning, and memory, and therefore have important implications in clinical populations such as stroke (Bliss and Cooke, 2011 ; Zeiler and Krakauer, 2013 ). Presently, there is a focus on determining the specifics of aerobic exercise prescription to optimally prime the brain (Ploughman et al, 2005 , 2008 ; Singh et al, 2014 ; Robertson et al, 2015 ; Saucedo Marquez et al, 2015 ; Hwang et al, 2016 ; Charalambous et al, 2017 ; Gentil and Del Vecchio, 2017 ; Kelly et al, 2017 ; Morais et al, 2017 ; Nepveu et al, 2017 ; Neva et al, 2017 ). The benefits of aerobic exercise appear to be intensity dependent (Ploughman et al, 2007b ; Hasan et al, 2016 ; Kelly et al, 2017 ) and several studies have shown that delivering high-intensity aerobic exercise protocols is superior to low or moderate intensity exercise (Ferris et al, 2007 ; Rojas et al, 2014 ; Saucedo Marquez et al, 2015 ; Hussain et al, 2016 ; MacInnis and Gibala, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bout of High Intensity Interval Training Lengthened Nerve Conduction Latency to the Non-exercised Affected Limb in Chronic Stroke

et al. 2018

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Objective: Evaluate intensity-dependent effects of a single bout of high intensity interval training (HIIT) compared to moderate intensity constant-load exercise (MICE) on corticospinal excitability (CSE) and effects on upper limb performance in chronic stroke.Design: Randomized cross-over trial.Setting: Research laboratory in a tertiary rehabilitation hospital.Participants: Convenience sample of 12 chronic stroke survivors.Outcome measures: Bilateral CSE measures of intracortical inhibition and facilitation, motor thresholds, and motor evoked potential (MEP) latency using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Upper limb functional measures of dexterity (Box and Blocks Test) and strength (pinch and grip strength).Results: Twelve (10 males; 62.50 ± 9.0 years old) chronic stroke (26.70 ± 23.0 months) survivors with moderate level of residual impairment participated. MEP latency from the ipsilesional hemisphere was lengthened after HIIT (pre: 24.27 ± 1.8 ms, and post: 25.04 ± 1.8 ms, p = 0.01) but not MICE (pre: 25.49 ± 1.10 ms, and post: 25.28 ± 1.0 ms, p = 0.44). There were no significant changes in motor thresholds, intracortical inhibition or facilitation. Pinch strength of the affected hand decreased after MICE (pre: 8.96 ± 1.9 kg vs. post: 8.40 ± 2.0 kg, p = 0.02) but not after HIIT (pre: 8.83 ± 2.0 kg vs. post: 8.65 ± 2.2 kg, p = 0.29). Regardless of type of aerobic exercise, higher total energy expenditure was associated with greater increases in pinch strength in the affected hand after exercise (R2 = 0.31, p = 0.04) and decreases in pinch strength of the less affected hand (R2 = 0.26 p = 0.02).Conclusion: A single bout of HIIT resulted in lengthened nerve conduction latency in the affected hand that was not engaged in the exercise. Longer latency could be related to the cross-over effects of fatiguing exercise or to reduced hand spasticity. Somewhat counterintuitively, pinch strength of the affected hand decreased after MICE but not HIIT. Regardless of the structure of exercise, higher energy expended was associated with pinch strength gains in the affected hand and strength losses in the less affected hand. Since aerobic exercise has acute effects on MEP latency and hand strength, it could be paired with upper limb training to potentiate beneficial effects.

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“…There is little agreement on the extent to which the benefits of HIIT can be attributed to the exercise intensity alone among the other load variables [ 12 , 13 ]. Training at both moderate to high (70–80%) and near-maximal (>90%) intensity can significantly improve health parameters [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very Low Volume High-Intensity Interval Exercise Is More Effective in Young Than Old Women

Krusnauskas

Venckūnas

Sniečkus

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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We investigated the acute neuromuscular and stress responses to three different high-intensity interval training sessions in young (age 19.5 ± 1.3 years) and older (age 65.7 ± 2.8 years) women. Cycling exercise comprised either 6 × 5 s or 3 × 30 s all-out, or 3 × 60 s submaximal, efforts each performed 5 weeks apart in randomized order. Peak and average power was higher in young than in older women and was largest during the 6 × 5 s strategy in both groups (p < 0.05). The decrease in the ratio of torques evoked by 20 and 100 Hz electrical stimulation, representing low-frequency fatigue, was more evident after the 3 × 30 and 3 × 60 s than the 6 × 5 s bout in both groups and was larger in young than in older women (p < 0.05). Both groups preferred 6 × 5 s cycling for further training. In conclusion, in young women, very low volume (6 × 5 s) all-out exercise induces significant physiological stress and seems to be an effective means of training. For older women, longer exercise sessions (3 × 60 s) are more stressful than shorter ones but are still tolerable psychologically.

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Commentary: High-intensity Intermittent Training vs. Moderate-intensity Intermittent Training: Is It a Matter of Intensity or Intermittent Efforts?

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of high vs moderate-intensity intermittent training on functionality, resting heart rate and blood pressure of elderly women

Effects of high vs moderate-intensity intermittent training on functionality, resting heart rate and blood pressure of elderly women

A Bout of High Intensity Interval Training Lengthened Nerve Conduction Latency to the Non-exercised Affected Limb in Chronic Stroke

Very Low Volume High-Intensity Interval Exercise Is More Effective in Young Than Old Women

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