Combustion Of Halogenated Polymers

Abstract

Generalized relationships have been developed between chemical heat of combustion, product yields, corrosion, and equivalence ratio for the halogenated polymers. Results are presented for four fluoro-and five chloropolymers and a polyethylene-polyvinylchloride cable. The chemical heat of combustion and yield of C02 decrease and yields of CO, hydrocarbons and smoke increase with the halogen content of the polymer. The combustion of the halogenated polymers is very inefficient compared to the non-halogenated polymers and is strongly affected by a slight reduction in the air flow rate. For example, for PVC, increase in the equivalence ratio from 0.40 to 0.60 results in increases in the yields of CO and smoke by 650 and 260 % respectively and a 29 % decrease in the combustion efficiency. For the non-halogenated polymers, the yields of CO and smoke do not show any increase until the equivalence ratio reaches values greater than unity.Corrosion in the gas phase is quantified in terms of a corrosion parameter. The corrosion parameter is insensitive to the generic nature of the halogen atom but is very sensitive to the presence of the hydrogen atom in the chemical structure.

Combustion products generated by hetero-organic fuels on four different fire test scales

“…Because of this only a few data points from the ISO room can be presented in increases when GER approaches 1.0 but for the halogen containing substances the increase in the CO yield starts well before GER reaches 1.0. This is in accordance with results presented by Tewarson et al [27]. For the substances PP and nylon without chlorine the production of lowmolecular-weight unburned hydrocarbons follows the expected pattern.…”

Combustion Characteristics of Materials and Generation of Fire Products

“…0.4, which is significantly lower than Φ ! 2.0 found for nonhalogenated compounds [103,126]. For PVC homopolymer, flaming combustion changes transitions to nonflaming for Φ !…”

Fire calorimetry relying on the use of the fire propagation apparatus. Part I: early learning from use in Europe

“…The fire propagation apparatus (FPA), originally called the 50 kW lab-scale flammability apparatus in the USA [1] and designated in Europe as the Tewarson apparatus [2,3] is a polyvalent bench-scale fire calorimeter (like the cone calorimeter [4] or the OSU apparatus [5]). The equipment, now known as the fire propagation apparatus in ASTM E 2058 [6] and also in the new NFPA code 287 [7], has been in continuous use for more than two decades in the USA to study the flammability parameters of polymers in various application contexts [8,9]. The ability of the equipment to study the effect of under-ventilation on the combustion of natural and synthetic polymers was pioneered by the inventor of the equipment [10].…”

“…The equipment, now known as the fire propagation apparatus in ASTM E 2058 [6] and also in the new NFPA code 287 [7], has been in continuous use for more than two decades in the USA to study the flammability parameters of polymers in various application contexts [8,9]. The ability of the equipment to study the effect of under-ventilation on the combustion of natural and synthetic polymers was pioneered by the inventor of the equipment [10].…”