Combustion of derivatives of 1,5-diaminotetrazole

Sinditskii, Valery P.; Egorshev, V.Y.; Dutova, T. Ya.; Дутов, М. Д.; Zhang, T. L.; Zhang, J. G.

doi:10.1134/s0010508211010059

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…They can be modified both by substitution at the carbon as well as at one of the nitrogen atoms and act as either neutral or anionic ligands in complexes. The energetic properties of many ECC based on different substituted monotetrazoles, e. g., 1,5‐diamino‐tetrazole [14], 2‐methyl‐5‐aminotetrazole [15], or 5‐nitrotetrazole [16] were investigated within the last few years. Considering recent results of the performance of perchlorate complexes based on either 1‐aminotetrazole (1‐AT) [17] or 1‐methyl‐5‐amino‐tetrazole (1‐MAT) [18], it becomes clear that for some applications they are either too sensitive or not powerful enough.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1‐Amino‐5‐methyltetrazole in Energetic 3 d Transition Metal Complexes – Ligand Design for Future Primary Explosives

Wurzenberger

Gruhne

Lommel

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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New lead‐free primary explosives are needed for safe future ignition and initiation applications. Especially, ignition by low‐energy laser irradiation has been demonstrated to be a valuable method. For this technology, primary explosives with safer sensitivities are needed. In order to adjust the desired properties of the neat primary explosives, we follow the concept of “energetic coordination compounds” (ECC) in which the ligand significantly alters the final properties. As the result of a study where 1‐amino‐5H‐tetrazole (1‐AT) was used as one of the most endothermic ligands, yielding materials with outstanding performance but very high sensitivities, in this work its 5‐methyl analogue 1‐amino‐5‐methyltetrazole (1‐AMT, 1) was synthesized and applied as ligand. For a short evaluation, metal perchlorate complexes [M(1‐AMT)6](ClO4)2 of manganese(II), iron(II), and zinc(II) as well as [Cu(1‐AMT)4(H2O)](ClO4)2 were prepared. All compounds were intensively characterized e. g., by XRD, IR, EA, TGA, DTA as well as sensitivity measurements (impact, friction, BDIS, and ESD). The obtained materials show reduced performance but they are safer to handle than the corresponding 1‐AT derivatives. Moreover, the satisfactory performances of ECC 3 and 4 were impressively demonstrated by PETN initiation and laser ignition experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1‐Amino‐5‐methyltetrazole in Energetic 3 d Transition Metal Complexes – Ligand Design for Future Primary Explosives

Wurzenberger

Gruhne

Lommel

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…The compound 1,5-diaminotetrazole, as a fascinating component in the construction of high-energydensity materials because of its unique structure and remarkable properties, has attracted considerable attention. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] They are also used in key intermediate in many organic synthesis, [16] the medicinal and biological applications and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17,18] The tautomerism of tetrazoles makes the decomposition more complex. [13,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Levchik et al had studied the thermal decomposition of DAT using experimental methods. [24] They advanced a series of decomposition path ways of DAT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These compounds are thermally stable and yield a large volume of gas on thermal decomposition, so as to be used as prospective gas‐generating, blowing agents for polymeric systems and other combustible and thermally decomposition systems. The compound 1,5‐diaminotetrazole, as a fascinating component in the construction of high‐energy‐density materials because of its unique structure and remarkable properties, has attracted considerable attention . They are also used in key intermediate in many organic synthesis, the medicinal and biological applications and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because aminotetrazoles show the tendency to prototropic, ring‐chain and mesoionic isomerization, the investigation seems to be important for revealing and evaluating the role of structural factors in the thermal transformations . The tautomerism of tetrazoles makes the decomposition more complex . Levchik et al had studied the thermal decomposition of DAT using experimental methods .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical kinetic study on the decomposition of 1,5-diaminotetrazole

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2015

J. Phys. Org. Chem.

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1,5-Daminotetrazole (DAT) is of much interest because of the practical significance and the diversity of characteristics. The study on the decomposition pathway and the kinetics of DAT has been performed based on the quantum chemistry theory. The minimum energy path (MEP) calculation has shown that NH 2 N 3 and NH 2 CN are the initially detected products of DAT. And the structures of reactant, products and transition state were optimized with MP2 methods using 6-311G** basis sets, and the energies were refined using CCSD(T)/6-311G** levels of theory. The calculated rate constants were obtained using the conventional transition-state theory (TST) and the canonical variational transition-state theory (CVT) methods. The calculation results indicated that the energy barrier of decomposition reaction is 47.98 kcal mol À1 and the variational effect is small. In addition, the rate constants and the Arrhenius experience formula of DAT decomposition have been obtained between 200 and 2500 K temperature regions. The fitted three-parameter expressions calculated using the TST and CVT methods are k T

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Manganese‐Mediated Linkage of Perchlorate to Aminotetrazoles Produces Twice the Energy Density of the Unmetalated Salt

O’Sullivan

Zdilla

2017

Chemistry A European J

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New regimes of energy density in energetic materials may be achieved by replacement of oxidizing nitro groups with stronger oxidants such as oxychlorine species. We report the energetic material 1,3-di-tert-butyltetrazolium-5-imidoperchloratomanganese(II) 2, which crystallizes as an oligomeric cubane cluster. Bomb calorimetry on the amorphous, solvent-free phase gives an energy density of at least 40±3 MJ L , higher than hydrocarbon combustion in air, more than twice that of traditional energetic nitramines, and ≈70 % higher than that of the unmetalated tetrazolium perchlorate salt without metal linkage. The effects of solid-state structure, charge, and lattice energy on the energy of 2 are discussed.

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Combustion of derivatives of 1,5-diaminotetrazole

Cited by 16 publications

References 27 publications

1‐Amino‐5‐methyltetrazole in Energetic 3 d Transition Metal Complexes – Ligand Design for Future Primary Explosives

1‐Amino‐5‐methyltetrazole in Energetic 3 d Transition Metal Complexes – Ligand Design for Future Primary Explosives

Theoretical kinetic study on the decomposition of 1,5-diaminotetrazole

Manganese‐Mediated Linkage of Perchlorate to Aminotetrazoles Produces Twice the Energy Density of the Unmetalated Salt

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