Combustion‐Derived Carbonaceous Aerosols (Soot) in the Atmosphere: Water Interaction and Climate Effects

Popovicheva, Olga

doi:10.1002/9783527630134.ch5

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Most of the radiation absorption of accumulation-mode aerosol is due to black carbon (BC) . BC also influences cloud radiative properties. , BC originates from incomplete combustion, e.g., of biomass or fossil fuels. , Freshly emitted BC is hydrophobic but aging in the atmosphere changes its properties to a more-hydrophilic state . It is an important constituent in Arctic Haze, a phenomenon that is primarily the result of long-range pollution transport from sources outside the Arctic. ,,, The majority of the Arctic BC originates from anthropogenic sources, especially industrial applications, residential combustion, and diesel transportation activities, while other important sources include fires in boreal forests and agricultural regions especially from spring to fall. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Carbon Sources Constrained by Observations in the Russian High Arctic

Popovicheva

Evangeliou

Eleftheriadis

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Understanding the role of short-lived climate forcers such as black carbon (BC) at high northern latitudes in climate change is hampered by the scarcity of surface observations in the Russian Arctic. In this study, highly time-resolved Equivalent BC (EBC) measurements during a ship campaign in the White, Barents, and Kara Seas in October 2015 are presented. The measured EBC concentrations are compared with BC concentrations simulated with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model coupled with a recently completed global emission inventory to quantify the origin of the Arctic BC. EBC showed increased values (100-400 ng m) in the Kara Strait, Kara Sea, and Kola Peninsula and an extremely high concentration (1000 ng m) in the White Sea. Assessment of BC origin throughout the expedition showed that gas-flaring emissions from the Yamal-Khanty-Mansiysk and Nenets-Komi regions contributed the most when the ship was close to the Kara Strait, north of 70° N. Near Arkhangelsk (White Sea), biomass burning in mid-latitudes, surface transportation, and residential and commercial combustion from Central and Eastern Europe were found to be important BC sources. The model reproduced observed EBC concentrations efficiently, building credibility in the emission inventory for BC emissions at high northern latitudes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Carbon Sources Constrained by Observations in the Russian High Arctic

Popovicheva

Evangeliou

Eleftheriadis

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Particulate exhaust of transport systems is currently acknowledged to be the largest source of uncertainties in understanding traffic impacts on the regional environment, while combustion emissions are increasingly recognized as a globally important source of aerosols impacting air quality, visibility, and radiative balance of the atmosphere [2]. Soot particles have significant effects especially in humid environments [3], acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus exerting indirect effects on haze formation and wet deposition, by instigating longer cloud lifetimes and higher cloudiness. In urban areas diesel engine-emitted particles are considered as a dangerous pollutant with respect to human health because of their high number density, small respirable size, large http surface area, and potential toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diesel/biofuel exhaust particles from modern internal combustion engines: Microstructure, composition, and hygroscopicity

Popovicheva

Engling

Lin

et al. 2015

Fuel

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“…Hygroscopic properties of particulate matter (PM) derived from combustion processes are related to indirect impacts of smoke emissions on haze and cloud microphysics (Popovicheva, 2010;Yun et al, 2013). At the local level, combustion emissions are considered as a dangerous pollutant, leading to exacerbate respiratory and allergic diseases (Bernstein et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-Scale Study of Siberian Biomass Burning: I. Smoke Microstructure

Popovicheva

Kozlov

Engling

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Reliable assessment of the impact of Siberian boreal forest wildfires on the environment and climate necessitates an improved understanding of microphysical and chemical properties of emitted aerosols. Smoldering, flaming and mixed fires of typical Siberian biomass (pine and debris) were simulated during a small-scale study in a Large Aerosol Chamber (LAC). Individual particle analysis of PM 10 and PM 2.5 smoke morphology and elemental composition revealed a strong dependence on combustion temperature, i.e., a dominant abundance of soot agglomerates versus roughly spherical organic particles in the flaming and smoldering phase, respectively. Cluster analysis of smoke microstructure was used to apportion the emitted particles into major characteristic groups: Soot and Organic, which accounted for around 90% and 60% of total particle numbers emitted from the flaming and smoldering fires, respectively. Carbon fractions and inorganic ion analysis supported the identification of particle types representative of combustion phase and biomass type. Elemental carbon (EC) particles from flaming fires comprised approximately 25% of Group Soot, in good agreement with a high EC fraction in total carbon of around 65% and low organic carbon (OC)/EC ratio near 0.5. Smoldering fires of pine and debris produced exclusively organic particles with high OC/EC ratios of 194 and 34, respectively. Small quantities of elemental constituents in biomass were vaporized during combustion and produced internally/externally mixed fly ash in Group Ca-, Si-, and Fe-rich of significantly less abundance. Ca, Cl, S, and Mg were more frequently distributed elements in pine than debris smoke. Sulfates and nitrates produced from gas-to-particle reactions formed Group S-and N-rich. During time evolution of smoke volatile inorganic compounds were condensed as potassium chlorides and sulfates into a newly formed Group K,Cl-rich. Quantification of Siberian biomass smoke microstructure by chemical micromarkers enables aerosols to be classified with respect to a source type assigned to Siberian wildfires.

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Combustion‐Derived Carbonaceous Aerosols (Soot) in the Atmosphere: Water Interaction and Climate Effects

Cited by 5 publications

References 80 publications

Black Carbon Sources Constrained by Observations in the Russian High Arctic

Black Carbon Sources Constrained by Observations in the Russian High Arctic

Diesel/biofuel exhaust particles from modern internal combustion engines: Microstructure, composition, and hygroscopicity

Small-Scale Study of Siberian Biomass Burning: I. Smoke Microstructure

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