Combining modeling tools to identify conservation priority areas: A case study of the last large-bodied avian frugivore in the Atlantic Forest

Regional variation in responses of a vulnerable bird species to land‐use and climate change

“…In addition, conserving a large extent in areas with higher environmental suitability, such as in the Amazon and the Atlantic Forest, can help to maintain both viable populations and good habitat conditions to receive new individuals of C. fasciolata that can disperse from unsuitable areas (Borges & Loyola, 2020;Hole et al, 2011;Rezende et al, 2020). But it is important to emphasize that the Atlantic Forest is highly fragmented due to the agricultural development and urbanization, which reduces landscape permeability (Ribeiro et al, 2009;Rosa et al, 2021) Beyond the concern about habitat loss and climate change as the main drivers of bird extinction, hunting is a strong pressure currently threatening C. fasciolata (BirdLife International, 2016)also observed in other cracids (Bonfim et al, 2018;Brooks, 2006;Rios et al, 2021). In addition, land-use changes at local scale (not evaluated in this study), such as patch isolation and edge effects, strongly threaten many species, as well as C. fasciolata (BirdLife International, 2016), reducing habitat connectivity and resource acquisition, and changing microhabitat conditions (Andrén, 1994;Ewers & Banks-Leite, 2013;Lees & Peres, 2009).…”

“…Beyond the concern about habitat loss and climate change as the main drivers of bird extinction, hunting is a strong pressure currently threatening C. fasciolata (BirdLife International, 2016)—also observed in other cracids (Bonfim et al, 2018; Brooks, 2006; Rios et al, 2021). In addition, land‐use changes at local scale (not evaluated in this study), such as patch isolation and edge effects, strongly threaten many species, as well as C. fasciolata (BirdLife International, 2016), reducing habitat connectivity and resource acquisition, and changing microhabitat conditions (Andrén, 1994; Ewers & Banks‐Leite, 2013; Lees & Peres, 2009).…”

Niches and radiations: a case study on the Andean sapphire‐vented puffleg Eriocnemis luciani and coppery‐naped puffleg E. sapphiropygia (Aves, Trochilidae)

“…The interplay between the conservatism and divergence of niches in shaping lineage differentiation is far from completely understood (Pyron and Burbrink 2009, Peterson 2011, Hu et al 2015, despite its relevance for forecasting changes in biodiversity under changing environmental conditions or invasion risks (Hadly et al 2009, Hortal et al 2011, Lavergne et al 2013, Torres et al 2018. The use of ENMs has become instrumental in recent years (Lobo et al 2010) and is applied in a wide range of fields, such as those pertaining to geographic distributions (Ramoni-Perazzi et al 2012, 2017, past and potential future distributions in response to climate change (Dyderski et al 2018, Simpson et al 2018, Warren et al 2018, species invasions (Lins et al 2018, Oliveira et al 2018, diseases and agricultural pest organisms (Carmona-Castro et al 2018, Carvajal et al 2019, Marchioro and Krechemer 2018, biodiversity conservation priorities (Bonfim et al 2018), and even archaeology (Banks 2017, d'Errico et al 2017. The use of ENMs has become instrumental in recent years (Lobo et al 2010) and is applied in a wide range of fields, such as those pertaining to geographic distributions (Ramoni-Perazzi et al 2012, 2017, past and potential future distributions in response to climate change (Dyderski et al 2018, Simpson et al 2018, Warren et al 2018, species invasions (Lins et al 2018, Oliveira et al 2018, diseases and agricultural pest organisms (Carmona-Castro et al 2018, Carvajal et al 2019…”

“…Environmental niche models (hereafter ENMs) are predictions of species distributions in geographic space (hereafter G-space) that use computer algorithms and mathematical representations of the species' known distribution in environmental space (hereafter E-space; Leathwick 2009, Peterson 2011). The use of ENMs has become instrumental in recent years (Lobo et al 2010) and is applied in a wide range of fields, such as those pertaining to geographic distributions (Ramoni-Perazzi et al 2012, 2017, past and potential future distributions in response to climate change (Dyderski et al 2018, Simpson et al 2018, Warren et al 2018, species invasions (Lins et al 2018, Oliveira et al 2018, diseases and agricultural pest organisms (Carmona-Castro et al 2018, Carvajal et al 2019, Marchioro and Krechemer 2018, biodiversity conservation priorities (Bonfim et al 2018), and even archaeology (Banks 2017, d'Errico et al 2017. ENMs have been combined with multivariate analyses of the E-space (Broennimann et al 2012), reviving the interest in ecological niches (Kozak et al 2006, Warren et al 2008, McCormack et al 2010, Peterson 2011.…”

Back home? Uncertainties for returning seized animals to the source‐areas under climate change

“…Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM) has been consolidated as a widely used tool to promote conservation actions worldwide due to numerous applications (e.g., Vaz, Cunha, & Nabout, ), such as: (a) predicting the distribution of rare, endemic and threatened species (e.g., Walters et al, ); (b) investigating species not spatially protected and evaluating priority areas for conservation (e.g. Blair et al, ; Bonfim, Cordeiro, Peres, Canale, & Bernardo, ); (c) predicting suitable areas for invasive species (e.g., Kulhanek, Leung, & Ricciardi, ; Oliveira, de Souza Barreto, da Silva dos Santos, Queiroz de Matos, & Seara Santos, ); (d) evaluating climate change effects (e.g., Ortega‐Andrade, Prieto‐Torres, Gómez‐Lora, & Lizcano, ); and (e) determining suitable areas for the (re)introduction of fauna (e.g., Martínez‐Meyer et al, ). Thus, using ENM and the most seized bird species in Brazil as surrogates for conservation, we evaluated herein the effects of climate change on the main source‐municipalities for animal trafficking in Brazil, offering general insight for improvements in area‐selection methods for the release of seized animals.…”