Combining metabolic profiling of plasma and faeces as a fingerprint of insulin resistance in obesity

Palomino‐Schätzlein, Martina; Mayneris‐Perxachs, Jordi; Caballano-Infantes, Estefanía; Arnoriaga-Rodríguez, María; Palomo-Buitrago, María Encarnación; Xiao, Xiongxin; Mares, Roso; Ricart, Wilfredo; Simó, Rafael; Herance, José Raúl; Fernández‐Real, José‐Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2019.10.022

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Myo‐inositol is the common form of inositol, modulates glucose and lipid metabolism via regulating insulin/PI3K/Akt and AMPK signaling pathways. [ 42 ] Impaired inositol metabolism has been described to be linked with diabetes and insulin resistance. Dietary intake of myo‐inositol and phytic acid increased the cecal ratios of Lactobacillus spp , modulated gut microbial composition, and downregulated hepatic genes expression related to de novo lipogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Huangjinya Black Tea Alleviates Obesity and Insulin Resistance via Modulating Fecal Metabolome in High‐Fat Diet‐Fed Mice

Zhang

et al. 2020

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope: Huangjinya is a light-sensitive tea mutant containing low levels of tea polyphenols. Currently, most studies focused on characteristics formation, free amino acid metabolism and phytochemical purification. The biological activity of Huangjinya black tea (HJBT) on metabolic syndrome regarding fecal metabolome modulation is unavailable and is studied herein. Methods and results: High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice are treated with HJBT for 9 weeks, various metabolic biomarkers and fecal metabolites are determined. HJBT reduces adipogenic and lipogenic gene expression, enhances lipolytic gene expression, decreases adipocyte expansion, and prevents the development of obesity. HJBT reduces lipogenic gene expression, increases fatty acid oxidation-related genes expression, which alleviates liver steatosis. HJBT enhances glucose/insulin tolerance, increases insulin/Akt signaling, attenuates hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, prevents the onset of insulin resistance. HJBT modulates bile acid metabolism, promotes secondary/primary bile acid ratio; increases short-chain fatty acids production, promotes saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids content; reduces carnitines and phosphocholines, but increases myo-inositol content; decreases branched-chain and aromatic amino acids content; increases the metabolite content related to pentose phosphate pathway. Conclusion: This study reported the association between fecal metabolome modulation and metabolism improvement due to HJBT administration, proposes HJBT as a dietary intervention for preventing obesity and metabolic disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Huangjinya Black Tea Alleviates Obesity and Insulin Resistance via Modulating Fecal Metabolome in High‐Fat Diet‐Fed Mice

Zhang

et al. 2020

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Numerous studies have related changes in the fecal metabolome with chronic and genetic diseases and linked them with the gut microbiome functions [5]. The impacts of various chronic diseases on the human fecal metabolome, including bowel disease [6], obesity [7], type-2 diabetes (T2D) [8], liver diseases [9,10], and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [11], have shown the potentiality of fecal metabolomics for better understanding of the pathologies of these diseases. There also evidence suggesting that the majority of the above-mentioned chronic diseases are largely influenced by BMI [12], lifestyles (e.g., diet, exercise) [13], physical fitness [14], and clinical blood parameters such as plasma concentrations of lipoproteins (LPs) [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Fecal Metabolome Reflects Differences in Body Mass Index, Physical Fitness, and Blood Lipoproteins in Healthy Older Adults

et al. 2021

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This study investigated how body mass index (BMI), physical fitness, and blood plasma lipoprotein levels are related to the fecal metabolome in older adults. The fecal metabolome data were acquired using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry on 163 healthy older adults (65–80 years old, 80 females and 83 males). Overweight and obese subjects (BMI ≥ 27) showed higher levels of fecal amino acids (AAs) (valine, alanine, and phenylalanine) compared to normal-weight subjects (BMI ≤ 23.5). Adults classified in the high-fitness group displayed slightly lower concentrations of fecal short-chain fatty acids, propionic acid, and AAs (methionine, leucine, glutamic acid, and threonine) compared to the low-fitness group. Subjects with lower levels of cholesterol in low-density lipoprotein particles (LDLchol, ≤2.6 mmol/L) displayed higher fecal levels of valine, glutamic acid, phenylalanine, and lactic acid, while subjects with a higher level of cholesterol in high-density lipoprotein particles (HDLchol, ≥2.1 mmol/L) showed lower fecal concentration of isovaleric acid. The results from this study suggest that the human fecal metabolome, which primarily represents undigested food waste and metabolites produced by the gut microbiome, carries important information about human health and should be closely integrated to other omics data for a better understanding of the role of the gut microbiome and diet on human health and metabolism.

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“…The functional output of the gut microbiota, including amino acids and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are thought to be important modulators underlying the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases such as obesity (38), insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (39,40). Metabolites identified in the preterm group at week 1 include BCAAs such as valine, leucine and isoleucine, and aromatic amino acids including tyrosine and phenylalanine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal dynamics of the gut microbiome and metabolome in preterm and term infants from birth through the first year of life

Yap¹,

Chong²,

Kamar³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Emerging evidence has shown a link between the perturbations and development of the gut microbiota in infants to their immediate and long-term health. In comparison to the healthy full-term neonate, preterm neonates experience disparate gut bacterial establishment (e.g. duration in the womb), colonisation (e.g. mode of delivery), and development (e.g. frequent use of antibiotics). To better understand the assembly of the gut microbiota in preterm infants, faecal samples were longitudinally collected from preterm (n = 19) and term (n = 20) infants, up to 12 months after birth. We characterised bacterial compositions by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (n = 141) and metabolomics profiling (n = 141) using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.Results: Significant differences in faecal bacterial composition between term and preterm infants were detected in sample collected in week 2, month 6 and month 12. Interestingly, separation of the bacterial composition between term and preterm infants was more pronounced at month 12 as compared to the earlier time-points, suggesting distinct level of microbial maturation in gut between the two groups. Intestinal microbiota of preterm neonates was consistently characterised by dominance of pathogenic bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family and a paucity of strictly anaerobic taxa including Veillonella and Bacteroides relative to infants born at term. Consistent result was observed in the stool NMR spectroscopy in which clear separation in stool metabolomics profiles was observed between the term and preterm neonates.Conclusion: Overall, we identified a panel of amino acid metabolites and central metabolism intermediates in the preterm infants’ stool, possibly indicating incomplete fermentation of complex polysaccharides in the guts of these infants. In contrast, the term infant stool had significantly higher levels of metabolites which are commonly found in milk such as fucose and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA). Birth weight was selected as the best explanatory variable for the metabolomics profiles, pointing to the strong relationship between protein synthesis, as well as fucose and BHBA in physical development. By following both term and preterm infants for 12 months, our study reported the dynamic of gut microbial composition and their contribution to metabolism and potential impact to growth in neonates.

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Combining metabolic profiling of plasma and faeces as a fingerprint of insulin resistance in obesity

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Huangjinya Black Tea Alleviates Obesity and Insulin Resistance via Modulating Fecal Metabolome in High‐Fat Diet‐Fed Mice

Huangjinya Black Tea Alleviates Obesity and Insulin Resistance via Modulating Fecal Metabolome in High‐Fat Diet‐Fed Mice

Human Fecal Metabolome Reflects Differences in Body Mass Index, Physical Fitness, and Blood Lipoproteins in Healthy Older Adults

Temporal dynamics of the gut microbiome and metabolome in preterm and term infants from birth through the first year of life

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