Combining effects of ozone and carbon dioxide application on photosynthesis of Thai jasmine rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar Khao Dawk Mali 105

Bhatia

et al. 2019

Heliyon

Global food security is challenged by increasing levels of CO 2 , O 3 and temperature trough their impacts on production and grain quality of wheat, one of the major C 3 crops and staple food across the world. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of elevated levels of CO 2 (EC; 550 ppm) and tropospheric O 3 (EO; 70 ppb) as well as of combined interactive treatment [EC X EO; ECO] on plant growth, yield and grain quality of two wheat cultivars (HD-2967 and C-306) grown during 2016-17 and 2017-18 using free air ozone and carbon dioxide enrichment (FAOCE) facility under field conditions. Individually, EC, increased leaf area index (LAI; 15.9-28.2%), photosynthetic rate (Pn; 11.4-20.3%) and yield (8.2-20.9%) whereas EO declined LAI (5.1-12.5%), Pn (2.8-11.8%) and yield (2.2-14.2%) over ambient conditions (Amb: 405.2 ppm CO 2 and 30.7 ppb O 3). Under ECO condition, EC increased LAI (2.2-17.1%), Pn (2.8-17.6%) and grain yield parameters (4.4-24.3%) across the cultivars in both years, but reduced the positive effects of EO on quality as compared to Amb. Dilution effect of increased yield under EC condition have reduced total protein, micro-and macro-nutrient concentrations whereas EO increased them notably compared to Amb. Starch in grains increased under EC but reduced under EO as compared to Amb. AOT40, the sum of averaged difference of O 3 h À1 concentration beyond 40 ppb for 7 hours (31233 ppb h À1) in FAOCEs rings during the crop growth period led to reduction in average grain yield of HD-2967 and C-306 by 11.6 and 8.5% or by 1.6 and 1.3% yield loss per ppb increase of O 3 , respectively. The growth, yield and quality parameters of both wheat cultivars responded similarly but to different extent to all treatments. EC was able to offset the negative effects of EO on yield and yield components only, but not those concerning the quality of grains. To stabilize global food security, precursor gases forming tropospheric ozone must be constrained.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effects of elevated CO2 and elevated O3 exposure on plant growth, yield and quality of grains of two wheat cultivars grown in north India

Bhatia

et al. 2019

Heliyon

“…The results indicate that ozone concentration at 300 ppb was the most effective to stimulate both SOD and APX antioxidants in rice cultivar 105 which is considered sensitive to ozone (Phothi et al, 2016). The high level of ozone affects protein activity, gene expression and metabolism in plant cell quickly (Vainonen and Kangasjärvi, 2015;Ueda et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Combining effects of ozone and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae on antioxidants and phytoalexins in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Buawat¹,

Hasegawa²,

Umponstira³

2017

Aust J Crop Sci

Self Cite

Ozone is the most oxidative air pollutant and considered as an abiotic stress which harm to vegetation and crop. Similarly, biological stressor such as plant pathogen could cause severe damage to crops. Combination effects from both stresses will potentially lead to economic loss. Basically, plants will response to both abiotic stress and pathogenic stressor by generate antioxidants and phytoalexins. The concentration of these chemical indicate stress level in plant and also defence system response. This research is aimed to investigate the combination effects of ozone and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae on antioxidants and phytoalexins in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. KDML 105). In this study, 45-day-old rice plants were used. Ozone was elevated at concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 ppb in the fumigating chambers for 12 hours. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae which caused bacterial blight disease in rice was selected as plant pathogen. Combining effects of ozone and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae were examined using ozone at a concentration of 100 ppb and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae 1x10 8 cells/ml inoculation. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with 2×2 factorials treatment and three replications required. Temperature, relative humidity and light intensity in fumigating chambers were controlled. The results of the combining effects showed the amount of antioxidants and phytoalexins were higher than those in single treatment. The experimental data indicated that the combining effects will result in more stress in rice. This suggests that, in rice plantation area with experience of ozone episode, pathogenic resistance rice strain should be considered to reduce combining effects.

“…An early analysis of the antioxidants response to ozone in soybeans reported a negative linear response (Oa et al, 2012). According to Phothi et al (2016), an ozone concentration of 70 pbb has a deleterious effect on the total soluble sugar contents extracted from rice seedlings. During the development stage, excessive ozone exposure increased the concentrations of lignin and phenol in rice straw (Frei et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A growth and biochemistry of ten high yielding genotypes of Pakistani rice (Oryza sativa L.) at maturity under elevated tropospheric ozone

Arshad

2021

Heliyon

Air pollution in Pakistan could be serious threat to vegetation in near future. Ten Rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes were testified against ozone concentration of 120 pbb. Ozone exposure cause serious damages to morphological and chemical components of plants. Leaf injury proved a key factor for the determination of Plant health. Research findings could prove fruitful in developing ozone tolerant varieties.