Combined System of Activated Sludge and Ozonation for the Treatment of Kraft E1 Effluent

Assalin, Márcia Regina; Almeida, Edna dos Santos; Durán, Nélson

doi:10.3390/ijerph6031145

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Acclimation is widely used to maximize the removal efficiency of specific compounds that are difficult to biodegrade. The steady-state condition was verified when the average of the consecutive measurements showed a constant rate of COD removal [7].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…There are numerous biological treatment systems available, the most common being the activated sludge process [6,7]. Activated sludge system technology consists basically in the agitation of the effluent in the presence of aerobic bacteria, protozoa, metazoa and atmospheric oxygen for a sufficient period to metabolize and to flocculate a large part of the organic material [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Microbiota for Activated Sludge Acclimated By Paper Mill Effluent Kraft E1 Bioremediation

Cordi¹,

Assalin²,

Ponezi³

2012

J Bioremed Biodeg

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Conventional systems treating paper effluents and cellulose are quite efficient in the reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). In general, there is primary stage clarification followed by secondary treatment, usually with a biological system (activated sludge). However, for the efficient degradation of some organic compounds in this effluent, adapted microorganism accomplish the treatment which are necessary resulting in effluents with low concentrations of recalcitrant compounds. There are two methods for microorganism acclimation: genes cloning or natural.In this work, the original biomass collected from a domestic sewage treatment plant was adapted for application in the bioremediation of paper mill effluent, Kraft E 1 . So, the aim of this work was verifying the correlation of protozoa organisms and physical-chemical parameters during the acclimation period.The acclimation of the biomass was verified mainly through the reduction of COD. The monitoring of biomass growth was followed by measurement of suspended solids and volatile suspended solids. Parameters such as pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and temperature were also monitored daily. The biological study was accomplished microscopically through the identification of protozoa that are considered bioindicators of the activated sludge system. The biomass acclimation period was 39 days. The stabilization of the system was observed through constant rates of total COD (56%). The suspended solids at the beginning of the acclimation phase were from 1580 mg L -¹ to 3580 mg L -¹, indicating biomass growth. A small acclimation period was necessary to observe the diversity of protozoa, mainly free ciliates, but nematodes were also present, indicating poor sludge sediment. At the end of the acclimation phase predominantly rotifers, but some free ciliates, ciliated communities and fixed ciliated were observed, indicating a good purification capacity of the system. Within the organisms amoeba was observed and this indicates good quality to the final effluent. Then, it is possible to correlate the biota presence with the high capacity of COD removal from the activated sludge system. Journal of Bioremediation & Biodegradation

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Microbiota for Activated Sludge Acclimated By Paper Mill Effluent Kraft E1 Bioremediation

Cordi¹,

Assalin²,

Ponezi³

2012

J Bioremed Biodeg

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“…In the ozonization process the pH affect the decrease of pollutant concentration, where at pH of 8.3 accor the decreases the concentration of COD (75.5%), TOC (59.1%), color (77%), and phenol (52.3%) respectively. Similarly, the pH change from 8.3 to 10, within ozonization time of 60 minutes can reduce the phenol concentration by 48.5% to 74% (Assalin et al, 2009). Additionally, the increased contact time of ozonization will increase color and COD removal, which at dose of 125 mg/L and ozonization time for 25 minutes can decrease the color concentration (51.3%) and COD (67%) (Yasar et al, 2007).…”

Section: The Effect Of Contact Timementioning

confidence: 98%

The Effect of Contact Time and Ozon Dose to Polutants Reduction in Hospital Wastewater

Prayitno

Saroso

Hardjono

et al. 2018

JBAT

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In Indonesia, Hospital wastewater treatment generally use biological process followed by chlorination process. Chlorination process has a negative impact on the aquatic environment that is cause death of other microorganisms by the residual chlorine. On the other hand, ozone is more effective than chlorine in killing microorganisms and other pollutants in hospital wastewater. The objective of research is to determine the effect of contact time and dose of ozone to reduction of pollutants (BOD, COD, free Ammonia and Phenol) in hospital wastewater. The experiment was carried out using an ozone reactor containing 'packing', an ozone generator as an ozone gas supplier. The experimental material is a hospital wastewater containing BOD, COD, Phenol and Ammonia free. The experimental variables used were: Contact time (1, 2, and 3 min), Dose of ozone (10, 15, and 20 mg/ L). Experiments were done by flowing hospital waste water at the top of the reactor ozone at certain rate and simultaneously flowed ozone gas from an ozone generator in the bottom of the ozone reactor so that it contacts the fluid in counter-current to the surface of the packing material (packing) in an ozone reactor. By adjusting the flowrate of the wastewater and the height of the packing, it can be determined the amount of contact time and ozone dose. Furthermore, by measuring the amount of pollutant concentration on the influent and effluent of the ozone reactor, it can be obtained the amount of removal in the pollutant concentration of the hospital wastewater. The results showed that contact time and ozone dose influence the decrease of pollutant concentration in hospital wastewater where contact time at 3 minutes and ozone dose 20 mg/L and ozonation time 15 minutes can reduce of pollutants concentration as BOD (97%), COD (98%), Ammonia free (97%), and Phenol (96%).

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“…Ozone has numerous applications in the treatment of effluent and industrial residues (Masten & Davies, 1994;Rice, 1999;Kunz et al, 1999Kunz et al, , 2002Freire et al, 2000Freire et al, , 2001Bassani, 2003;Vogelpohl & Kim, 2004;Assalin et al, 2004aAssalin et al, , 2004bAssalin et al, , 2007Assalin et al, , 2009Almeida et al, 2004;Melo et al, 2006;Moraes et al, 2006;Catalkaya & Kargi, 2007;Assalin & Durán, 2007a;Lima, 2007;Medeiros, 2010;Domenjoud et al, 2011;Rivas et al, 2011). According Mahmoud and Freire (2007), the use of ozone as an oxidation agent has increased in the last decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated Sludge and Ozonation Combined System of Sanitary Effluent Treatment to Bacterial and Protozoa Removal - A Case Study

Cordi¹,

Lima²,

França³

et al. 2012

EER

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In order to remediate district effluents, two types of treatments were combined that could be an efficient solution for the great problems involving sanitary effluent, water reuse, organic charge reduction and disinfection processes. Chemical and biological parameters of sanitary effluents before and after activated sludge treatment and subsequent oxidative ozone treatment were monitored. The activated sludge treatment significantly reduced the organic charge, observed by monitoring the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the total organic carbon (TOC). After the treated effluent from the activated sludge underwent a subsequent treatment with ozone, further decreases in the COD and TOC values were observed. Ozone efficiently eliminated (100%) coliforms and Giardia spp. cysts, which normally are not eliminated by the activated sludge treatment.

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Combined System of Activated Sludge and Ozonation for the Treatment of Kraft E1 Effluent

Cited by 31 publications

References 35 publications

Identification of Microbiota for Activated Sludge Acclimated By Paper Mill Effluent Kraft E1 Bioremediation

Identification of Microbiota for Activated Sludge Acclimated By Paper Mill Effluent Kraft E1 Bioremediation

The Effect of Contact Time and Ozon Dose to Polutants Reduction in Hospital Wastewater

Activated Sludge and Ozonation Combined System of Sanitary Effluent Treatment to Bacterial and Protozoa Removal - A Case Study

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