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The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies into the development of scientific and methodological bases of environmentally-driven resource-saving technologies for mining waste processing. It is shown that the logic of reconstructing the natural cycles of natural resource equilibrium requires the inclusion of large-tonnage wastes in the status of their technogenic mineral resources in highly efficient, resource-efficient processing, which determines the need to develop innovative technologies for processing wastes very diverse in composition and properties within the framework of the principle of a systematic approach. The methodological basis of theoretical development of new environmentally oriented technologies for waste processing defines the method of scientific knowledge as an ascent from the abstract to the concrete and the construction of technologies according to the developed general algorithm. In accordance with the general methodological approach being developed, technologies have been developed for processing certain types of mining waste - off-balance copper ores from the dump, stale tailings of gold ore from the tailings; iron-zinc-containing blast furnace sludges of metallurgical production by combining several enrichment or concentration and hydrometallurgical methods. The developed resource-saving, environmentally friendly technologies provide the opportunity to involve previously unused resources of technogenic origin into efficient operation with obtaining conditioned metal-containing products and reduce environmental stress in regions with a developed mining and metallurgical industry.
The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies into the development of scientific and methodological bases of environmentally-driven resource-saving technologies for mining waste processing. It is shown that the logic of reconstructing the natural cycles of natural resource equilibrium requires the inclusion of large-tonnage wastes in the status of their technogenic mineral resources in highly efficient, resource-efficient processing, which determines the need to develop innovative technologies for processing wastes very diverse in composition and properties within the framework of the principle of a systematic approach. The methodological basis of theoretical development of new environmentally oriented technologies for waste processing defines the method of scientific knowledge as an ascent from the abstract to the concrete and the construction of technologies according to the developed general algorithm. In accordance with the general methodological approach being developed, technologies have been developed for processing certain types of mining waste - off-balance copper ores from the dump, stale tailings of gold ore from the tailings; iron-zinc-containing blast furnace sludges of metallurgical production by combining several enrichment or concentration and hydrometallurgical methods. The developed resource-saving, environmentally friendly technologies provide the opportunity to involve previously unused resources of technogenic origin into efficient operation with obtaining conditioned metal-containing products and reduce environmental stress in regions with a developed mining and metallurgical industry.
No abstract
The data on the complex processing of iron ore from one of the deposits of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which involves several operations of wet magnetic separation with re-grinding of raw products and their subsequent refining to produce a conditioned iron concentrate with 65–66 % iron containing 79–80 % Fe and 2.2–2.5 % Si, are presented. It was found that during the magnetic enrichment of the ore under study, the copper minerals concentrate in the magnetic separation tailings and the copper content in them increases from 0.093 to 0.2 %. A scheme and reagent system have been developed for the recovery of conditioned copper concentrate from magnetically enriched tailings. To obtain copper concentrate, magnetic separation tailings are subjected to regrinding in a lime medium to a fineness of 75 % of the –0.071 mm grade. After two operations of the main copper flotation with the use of water glass, butyl xanthate and frother MIBK, waste tailings are obtained. The froth product of the first basal flotation is cleaned twice. The result is a copper concentrate containing 15.2 % copper, 26.5 % iron, 17.5 % sulfur, 3.47 % silicon, 1.4 % aluminum and 8.5 % zinc, which corresponds to the KM-7 grade according to GOST R 52998-2008. Waste tailings contain: copper 0.08 %, iron 20.1 %, sulfur 0.25 %, silicon 16.2 %, aluminum 6.4 % and zinc 0.045 %. The influence of xanthates with different length and structure of hydrocarbon radical as well as hostaflots and amyl aeroflots on the process of copper flotation is studied. The high efficiency of butyl xanthate in the flotation of copper minerals has been confirmed.
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