Combined physeal fractures of the distal radius and ulna: complications associated with K-wire fixation and long-term prognosis in six cats

Brioschi, Valentina; Langley‐Hobbs, Sorrel; Kerwin, Sharon C.; Meeson, Richard; Radke, Heidi

doi:10.1177/1098612x16653644

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Radioulnar synostosis occurs as a postoperative complication or is induced after implant placement and is a common complication in small animal medicine with a prevalence of 11%-12%. 6,11,21,22 After radioulnar synostosis, the angle of rotation in humans typically decreases considerably. 3,5,8 This reduced motion can lead to notable impairments in activities of daily living.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radioulnar synostosis can be congenital or develops after radioulnar fractures. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Post-traumatic radioulnar synostosis occurs in human medicine with a prevalence of 2%-18% after fractures. [3][4][5] The reasons can be a callus formation between the radius and ulna or an implant placed between the respective bones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radioulnar synostosis can be congenital or develops after radioulnar fractures 1–7 . Post‐traumatic radioulnar synostosis occurs in human medicine with a prevalence of 2%–18% after fractures 3–5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of simulated radioulnar synostosis on supination and pronation in cats. A cadaveric study

Senn,

Paulick,

Brunnberg

et al. 2024

Veterinary Surgery

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of an induced synostosis with a screw on pronation and supination in cats.Study designEx vivo biomechanical study.Sample populationA total of 58 feline forelimbs.MethodsA total of 58 cadaveric feline thoracic limbs were mounted on a custom‐built jig with the elbow and carpus flexed at a 90° angle. To exclude any orthopedic disease, radiographs of the forelimbs were performed prior to the mechanical tests. Radioulnar synostosis was imitated with a 2 mm cortical screw through the radius into the ulna in the proximal (Group P; n = 54), middle (Group M; n = 52), and distal (Group D; n = 53) radial diaphysis. The angles of pronation and supination were recorded after manually applying a two‐finger tight rotational force to the metacarpus. Rotational tests were performed without a screw (Group N) and with a screw in each of the aforementioned positions. Pairwise comparisons between the groups were performed based on their angles of rotation with a paired t‐test with the Benjamini‐Hochberg procedure and a mixed model ANOVA.ResultsMean angles of rotation decreased between Group N (129.5 ± 15.9°) and all groups with imitated radioulnar synostosis to a mean angle of 37.5 ± 14.5° (p < .0001). Mean angles of rotation did not differ between the groups with imitated radioulnar synostosis.ConclusionInduced radioulnar synostosis decreases antebrachial rotation by more than two‐thirds, regardless of location.Clinical significanceImplants fixating the radius to the ulna should be avoided in cats, regardless where they are located along the radial diaphysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of simulated radioulnar synostosis on supination and pronation in cats. A cadaveric study

Senn,

Paulick,

Brunnberg

et al. 2024

Veterinary Surgery

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“…25 Any physes where at least part of the physeal radiolucent line was visible were considered open.For further assessment cats were categorised by their age on presentation into groups representing those with significant growth potential, reducing potential and no further potential (<6 months, 6–10 months and >10 months old, respectively). 26 Complications were classified as minor, major or catastrophic and subjective clinical outcomes were graded as good (full function), fair (acceptable function) or poor (unacceptable function), as proposed by Cook et al 27…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic physeal fractures in cats: a review of 36 cases (2010–2020)

Rubinos

Meeson

2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the demography, aetiology, location and classification of physeal fractures in cats, and to describe their management and outcomes. Methods Clinical records and radiographs of cats referred for management of physeal fractures were retrospectively reviewed. Fractures of the proximal femoral physis were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to describe signalment, cause of injury, presence of concurrent injuries, fracture description, treatment modality, complications, follow-up, physeal closure, implant removal and outcome. Results Thirty-four cats with 36 fractures were included, of which 17 affected the distal femur, 11 the distal tibia and fibula, five the distal radius and ulna, two the proximal tibia and one the distal humerus. Salter–Harris classification was type I in 14, type II in 16, type III in two and type IV in four fractures. Thirty-four fractures were treated with primary fixation, and the most common method was crossed Kirschner wires (24/34 fractures). Complications were observed in 14 fractures, of which 12 were minor. At radiographic follow-up, physeal closure was reported in 23 fractures, of which 15 were considered premature. Implant removal was performed in three fractures. Outcome was good in 28, fair in four and poor in two fractures. Conclusions and relevance Fracture of the distal femoral physis was the most common physeal fracture seen. Cats presenting with physeal fractures may be skeletally immature or mature with delayed physeal closure. The rate of physeal closure after fracture repair was relatively high but without apparent impact. The frequency of implant removal was very low, indicating that despite having a physeal fracture repair, most cats did not require a second procedure to remove implants. Overall, internal fixation provided a good outcome in most fractures.

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