Combined Intervention of Physical Activity, Aerobic Exercise, and Cognitive Exercise Intervention to Prevent Cognitive Decline for Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study

Park, Hyuntae; Park, Jong Hwan; Na, Hae Ri; Shimada, Hiroyuki; Kim, Gwon Min; Jung, Mi; Kim, Woo Kyung; Park, Kyung Won

doi:10.3390/jcm8070940

Cited by 87 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Our study results further broaden these findings as a significantly higher level of physical activity (≥3 METs) was observed in morning chronotype compared to evening chronotype in older adults aged ≥70 years. Previous studies have shown that higher levels of physical activity reduce cognitive decline [34] as well as the risk of dementia [21], and may also be an important factor to prevent them [35]. Physical activity is one of the modifiable lifestyle factors associated with the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Chronotype, Physical Activity and the Estimated Risk of Dementia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Thapa

Kim

Yang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Our study examined the association between chronotype, daily physical activity, and the estimated risk of dementia in 170 community-dwelling older adults. Chronotype was assessed with the Horne–Östberg Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Daily physical activity (of over 3 METs) was measured with a tri-axial accelerometer. The Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) was used to measure the estimated risk of dementia. The evening chronotype, low daily physical activity, and dementia were positively associated with each other. The participants with low physical activity alongside evening preference had 3.05 to 3.67 times higher estimated risk of developing dementia, and participants with low physical activity and morning preference had 1.95 to 2.26 times higher estimated risk than those with high physical activity and morning preference. Our study design does not infer causation. Nevertheless, our findings suggest that chronotype and daily physical activity are predictors of the risk of having dementia in older adults aged 70 years and above.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Chronotype, Physical Activity and the Estimated Risk of Dementia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Thapa

Kim

Yang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Therefore, our study further supported the case that arterial stiffness measured by ABI and Ba-PWV may be a valuable predictor for use in MCI screening among patients with ALI. Studies have reported that training in the areas of cognitive ability, physical function, and daily life ability can promote improvement in cognitive function in MCI patients [33][34][35]. Therefore, in addition to attention to smoking cessation and the control of blood pressure, blood lipids, and other risk factors, it is necessary to prevent and treat arterial stiffness, as measured by Ba-PWV and ABI, in the treatment of cognitive impairment in ALI patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Ankle Brachial Index, Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity, and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Acute Lacunar Infarction

et al. 2020

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Background: The link between arterial stiffness and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is receiving increasing attention, and the goal of this study was to explore the relationship among the ankle brachial index (ABI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (Ba-PWV), and MCI in patients with acute lacunar infarction (ALI). Methods: A total of 103 hospitalized patients with ALI were divided into a non-MCI group (n = 41) and an MCI group (n = 62) according to their Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. A binary logistic regression model was used to assess the association among ABI, Ba-PWV, and MCI after adjusting for confounding factors. Spearman correlation was utilized to analyse the correlations between ABI, Ba-PWV, and MoCA total scores and sub-scores in ALI patients. Results: Participants with cognitive impairment had significantly higher Ba-PWV and lower ABI than those with normal cognition. Correlation analysis suggested that Ba-PWV (r = −0.854, p < 0.05) and ABI (r = 0.734, p < 0.05) were correlated with MoCA total scores; of all MoCA sub-scores, visuospatial/executive function was the most strongly correlated with the vascular variables. In the binary logistic regression analysis, Ba-PWV (odds ratio [OR] = 4.507, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.152–9.441) and ABI (OR = 1.124, 95% CI = 1.015–1.254) were significantly associated with MCI, even after adjusting for lipoprotein (a) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: The present study suggested that a higher Ba-PWV and a lower ABI were independent risk factors for MCI in patients with ALI.

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“…During aging, changes in the sensorimotor and vestibular systems influence mobility and balance, increasing the risk of falls [ 11 , 12 ]. This also occurs in patients with AD, in whom cognitive impairment is associated with gait and balance disorders [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], which influences executive functions, attention, and visuospatial perception, increasing the risk of falls [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Patients over 65 years of age with dementia are at twice the risk of falling compared with elderly people without dementia [ 12 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical activity is a viable and promising low-cost, low-risk, and widely available option, and is already known for its effects in reducing health risks in AD and other dementias, as well as in aging and other pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, arthritis, depression, cancer, or osteoporosis [ 36 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. Physical activity or exercise is known to improve the cognition of elderly people with AD [ 16 , 42 , 44 ], and produces other beneficial effects, including improving physical function, and increasing autonomy and quality of life in patients with dementia [ 2 , 16 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 6-Month Multimodal Physical Exercise Program on Bone Mineral Density, Fall Risk, Balance, and Gait in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Controlled Clinical Trial

et al. 2021

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We aimed to determine the short- and medium-term effects of a multimodal physical exercise program (MPEP) on bone health status, fall risk, balance, and gait in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. A single-blinded, controlled clinical trial was performed where 72 subjects were allocated in a 3:1 ratio to an intervention group (IG; n = 53) and control group (CG; n = 19), where the IG’s subjects were admitted to live in a State Reference Center of Alzheimer’s disease, which offers the targeted exercise program, while the CG’s subjects resided in independent living. A multidisciplinary health team assessed all patients before allocation, and dependent outcomes were again assessed at one, three, and six months. During the study, falls were recorded, and in all evaluations, bone mineral density was measured using a calcaneal quantitative ultrasound densitometer; balance and gait were measured using the performance-oriented mobility assessment (POMA), the timed up and go test (TUG), the one-leg balance test (OLB), and the functional reach test (FR). There were no differences between groups at baseline for all outcome measures. The prevalence of falls was significantly lower in the IG (15.09%) than in the CG (42.11%) (χ2 = 5.904; p = 0.015). We also found that there was a significant time*group interaction, with a post hoc Šidák test finding significant differences of improved physical function, especially in gait, for the IG, as assessed by POMA-Total, POMA-Gait, and TUG with a large effect size (ƞ2p = 0.185–0.201). In balance, we found significant differences between groups, regardless of time, and a medium effect size as assessed by POMA-Balance and the OLB (ƞ2p = 0.091–0.104). Clinically relevant effects were observed, although without significant differences in bone health, with a slowing of bone loss. These results show that a multimodal physical exercise program reduces fall risk and produces an improvement in gait, balance, and bone mineral density in the short and medium term in institutionalized patients with Alzheimer’s disease.

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Combined Intervention of Physical Activity, Aerobic Exercise, and Cognitive Exercise Intervention to Prevent Cognitive Decline for Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study

Cited by 87 publications

References 53 publications

The Relationship between Chronotype, Physical Activity and the Estimated Risk of Dementia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

The Relationship between Chronotype, Physical Activity and the Estimated Risk of Dementia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Association between Ankle Brachial Index, Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity, and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Acute Lacunar Infarction

Effects of 6-Month Multimodal Physical Exercise Program on Bone Mineral Density, Fall Risk, Balance, and Gait in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Controlled Clinical Trial

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