Association between Ankle Brachial Index, Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity, and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Acute Lacunar Infarction

Abstract

Background: The link between arterial stiffness and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is receiving increasing attention, and the goal of this study was to explore the relationship among the ankle brachial index (ABI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (Ba-PWV), and MCI in patients with acute lacunar infarction (ALI). Methods: A total of 103 hospitalized patients with ALI were divided into a non-MCI group (n = 41) and an MCI group (n = 62) according to their Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. A binary logistic regression model was used to assess the association among ABI, Ba-PWV, and MCI after adjusting for confounding factors. Spearman correlation was utilized to analyse the correlations between ABI, Ba-PWV, and MoCA total scores and sub-scores in ALI patients. Results: Participants with cognitive impairment had significantly higher Ba-PWV and lower ABI than those with normal cognition. Correlation analysis suggested that Ba-PWV (r = −0.854, p < 0.05) and ABI (r = 0.734, p < 0.05) were correlated with MoCA total scores; of all MoCA sub-scores, visuospatial/executive function was the most strongly correlated with the vascular variables. In the binary logistic regression analysis, Ba-PWV (odds ratio [OR] = 4.507, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.152–9.441) and ABI (OR = 1.124, 95% CI = 1.015–1.254) were significantly associated with MCI, even after adjusting for lipoprotein (a) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: The present study suggested that a higher Ba-PWV and a lower ABI were independent risk factors for MCI in patients with ALI.

Uric Acid and Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis

“…Evaluation of cognitive function after AIS was performed during the hospitalization in six studies 20 22 24 25 26 27 , and during follow-up after discharge in the other five studies 21 23 28 29 30 . Diagnosis of PSCI was based on the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) in two studies 20 28 , the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in seven studies 21 22 24 25 26 29 30 , and MMSE or MoCA in one study 27 . The other study reported two datasets of serum UA values for PSCI diagnosed with MMSE and MoCA, separately 23 .…”

“…UA after AIS may be associated with PSCI [19]. However, results of previous studies comparing the serum level of US between patients with and without PSCI showed inconsistent results [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], and the association between serum UA and PSCI in patients with AIS remains to be determined. Therefore, in this study, we performed a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the association between serum UA and PSCI in patients with AIS.…”

“…1. Finally, eleven observational studies [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] were available for the meta-analysis.…”

Ankle brachial index and cognitive function among elderly hypertensive patients with different age stratification: a 2-year longitudinal study

“…We speculated that ABI may be associated with brain tissue blood perfusion, and could be a good indicator of cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients. Although many studies have reported the association between the ABI and cognitive function [11][12][13][14], few studies have focused on the relationship between the ABI and cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients. Our cross-sectional study found that the ABI was associated with cognitive impairment independent of age, gender, education, ASCVD history, blood pressure related parameters (PP and PI), and baPWV, and the cohort follow-up study also con rmed that cognitive function declined more rapidly in patients with a low ABI, revealing an association between the ABI and cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients.…”

“…[9,10] Studies have shown that the ABI could be a good indicator for cognitive impairment in community health population and patients with acute lacunar infarction or undergoing hemodialysis. [11][12][13][14] However, the relationship between ABI and cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients has rarely been reported. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) age classi cation criteria for the elderly and the hypertension management guidelines, the elderly hypertensive patients can be divided into the young elderly hypertensive patients (60 ~ 75 years old) and the old elderly hypertensive patients (75 ~ 89 years old).…”