Combined effects of niacin and chromium treatment on heart of hyperlipidemic rats

Abstract

<jats:p> The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the combination of niacin and chromium(III)-chloride on heart glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, serum paraoxonase (PON), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities and protein carbonyl contents (PCC) of hyperlipidemic rats. In this study, female Swiss albino rats were used. They were divided into four groups. The animals of the first group (group I) were fed with pellet chow. The rats (group II) were fed with a lipogenic diet consisting of 2% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid and 20% sunflower oil added to the pellet chow, and given 3% alcoholic water for 60 days. The rats (group III) were fed with the same lipogenic diet and treated by gavage technique with CrCl<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> 6H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O to a dose of 250 µg/kg and 100 mg/kg niacin for 45 days, 15 days after experimental animals were done hyperlipidemic. Group IV was fed with pellet chow and treated with 250 µg/kg CrCl<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> 6H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O and 100 mg/kg niacin for 45 days. On the 60th day, the heart tissue and blood samples were taken from animals. As a result, heart LPO, serum GGT activity and serum PCC were increased; serum PON activity and heart GSH levels were decreased in hyperlipidemic rats. Treatment with combined niacin and chromium reversed these effects. In conclusion, the combined treatment with niacin and chromium might induce a protective effect on heart tissue. </jats:p>

Influence of niacin administration on lipid peroxidation in cows in early lactation

“…Models that had niacin deficiency showed greater lipid peroxidation. Models that received niacin showed reduced lipid peroxidation (Ghazi-Khansari et al 2005;Cho et al, 2009;Perumal et al, 2005;Atac et al, 2006;Tupe et al, 2011;Doger et al, 2011).…”

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“…There is evidence to suggest that chromium supplementation may improve insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in patients with glucose intolerance. 12 Numerous non-drug substances, such as trivalent chromium, have been shown to influence the glucose-insulin system in a favorable manner. Importantly, most natural substances that affect the glucose-insulin system work satisfactorily over long periods of time and are safe enough to be used chronically.…”

“…These results suggest that there may be a more general relationship between chromium levels and glucose and/or lipid metabolism. 12 Niacin (nicotinic acid) is a water soluble vitamin of the B group. It is an essential nutrient required for the proper metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.…”