Combined Behavioral and EEG Power Analysis in DAI Improve Accuracy in the Assessment of Sustained Attention Deficit

Molteni, Erika; Bianchi, Anna Maria; Butti, Michele; Reni, Gianluigi; Zucca, Claudio

doi:10.1007/s10439-008-9506-z

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Attentiveness ( d ′) indicates how well the individual discriminates between targets and non-targets (Conners & MHS, 2004). These selected variables are well represented in the literature as measuring different aspects of attention (Ackerman et al, 2008; Gruber et al, 2007; Homack & Riccio, 2006; Kiehna et al, 2006; Molteni, Bianchi, Butti, Reni, & Zucca, 2008; Ogg et al, 2008; Olsson, von Scheele, & Panossian, 2008), and have better test–retest reliability than most other CPT-II variables (Conners & MHS, 2004). In addition to these five variables of interest, the current study also included the ADHD Confidence Index as a qualitative means of describing the study sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability Concerns in the Repeated Computerized Assessment of Attention in Children

Zabel

Thomsen

Cole

et al. 2009

The Clinical Neuropsychologist

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Assessment of attentional processes via computerized assessment is frequently used to quantify intra-individual cognitive improvement or decline in response to treatment. However, assessment of intra-individual change is highly dependent on sufficient test reliability. We examined the test–retest reliability of selected variables from one popular computerized continuous performance test (CPT)—i.e., the Conners’ CPT – Second Edition (CPT-II). Participants were 39 healthy children (20 girls) ages 6–18 without intellectual impairment (mean PPVT-III SS = 102.6), LD, or psychiatric disorders (DICA-IV). Test–retest reliability over the 3–8 month interval (mean = 6 months) was acceptable (Intraclass Correlations [ICC] = .82 to .92) on comparison measures (Beery Test of Visual Perception, WISC-IV Block Design, PPVT-III). In contrast, test–retest reliability was only modest for CPT-II raw scores (ICCs ranging from .62 to .82) and T-scores (ICCs ranging from .33 to .65) for variables of interest (Omissions, Commissions, Variability, Hit Reaction Time, and Attentiveness). Using test–retest reliability information published in the CPT-II manual, 90% confidence intervals based on reliable change index (RCI) methodology were constructed to examine the significance of test–retest difference/change scores. Of the participants in this sample of typically developing youth, 30% generated intra-individual changes in T-scores on the Omissions and Attentiveness variables that exceeded the 90% confidence intervals and qualified as “statistically rare” changes in score. These results suggest a considerable degree of normal variability in CPT-II test scores over extended test–retest intervals, and suggest a need for caution when interpreting test score changes in neurologically unstable clinical populations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability Concerns in the Repeated Computerized Assessment of Attention in Children

Zabel

Thomsen

Cole

et al. 2009

The Clinical Neuropsychologist

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“…All extracted behavioral indices were transformed to a score that could be used to compare the behavior of subjects to that of a normal population. According to McGee et al [33] and Molteni et al [34], a weighed sum of indices generates the score. In this study, different error indices, RT, and sensitivity index was used to assess mental fatigue.…”

Section: Behavioral Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating nonlinear variability of mental fatigue behavioral indices during long‐term attentive task

et al. 2012

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This study investigates the behavioral indices of attention. A simple repetitive attentive task that resulted in mental fatigue was used consecutively in four trials. In the first step, reaction time and error responses were recorded to evaluate differences among trials. During the task, subjects showed different responses to stimulations. In the second part, to recognize the strategies, multiple clustering methods such as k-means and fuzzy c-means were performed in which behavioral indices and nonlinear features were used. In the last section, mental behavior was identified as a result of the chaotic properties of variations in reaction time. Therefore, the Lyapunov exponent of reaction times was evaluated. Results revealed that behavioral indices could distinguish attention from the occurrence of mental fatigue in trials. In addition, the three strategies used by subjects during the test protocol were assessed. Finally, variation of indices extracted from nonlinear analysis, that is, decrease in degree of chaotic behavior determined the transition from attention to mental fatigue.

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“…DAI is known to lead to impairments in cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, and data processing (Chang et al, 2010;Kraus et al, 2007;Molteni et al, 2008). Hence, further investigations should be carried out to investigate the occurrence of DAI after BOP exposure, by measuring head acceleration, and by demonstration of the accumulation of the b-APP damage marker in axons (Gleckman et al, 1999), or through a more sensitive diffusion tensor imaging approach (Mac Donald et al, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of Blast Exposure on the Brain Structure and Cognition inMacaca fascicularis

Ling

et al. 2012

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Blast injury to the brain is one of the major causes of death and can also significantly affect cognition and physical and psychological skills in survivors of blast. The complex mechanisms via which blast injury causes impairment of cognition and other symptoms are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of varying degrees of primary blast overpressure (BOP; 80 and 200 kPa) on the pathophysiological and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes and neurocognitive performance as assessed by the monkey Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (mCANTAB) in non-human primates (NHP). The study aimed to examine the effects of neurobehavioral and histopathological changes in NHP. MRI and histopathology revealed ultrastructural changes in the brain, notably in the Purkinje neurons in the cerebellum and pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus, which were most vulnerable to the blast. The results correlated well with the behavioral changes and changes in motor coordination and working memory of the affected monkeys. In addition, there was white matter damage affecting myelinated axons, astrocytic hypertrophy, and increased aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) expression in astrocytes, suggesting cerebral edema. Increased apoptosis appeared to involve astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the animals following blast exposure. The small sample size could have contributed to the non-significant outcome in cognitive performance post-blast and limited quantitative analyses. Nevertheless, the study has provided initial descriptive changes for establishing a primary BOP threshold for brain injury to serve as a useful platform for future investigations that aim to estimate brain injury potential and set safe limits of exposure.

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Combined Behavioral and EEG Power Analysis in DAI Improve Accuracy in the Assessment of Sustained Attention Deficit

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Reliability Concerns in the Repeated Computerized Assessment of Attention in Children

Reliability Concerns in the Repeated Computerized Assessment of Attention in Children

Evaluating nonlinear variability of mental fatigue behavioral indices during long‐term attentive task

Effect of Blast Exposure on the Brain Structure and Cognition inMacaca fascicularis

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