Combination of Molecular Networking and LC-MS/MS Profiling in Investigating the Interrelationships between the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Curculigo latifolia

Abstract

Curculigo is a potent plant with a variety of traditional uses, such as anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-osteoporosis, and wound-healing. The comprehensive profiling of the Curculigolatifolia metabolome was carried out by generating a molecular network (MN) from Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data to profile the methanol extract and correlating them with their antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), total phenolic contents (TPC), and β-carotene) and antimicrobial (disk-diffusion agar method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)) properties. The antioxidant capacity was observed to be significantly higher in the rhizome crude extract, with 18.10 ± 0.91 µg/mL DPPH activity, and a β-carotene bleaching result of 35.20%. For the antimicrobial activity, the leaf crude extract exhibited a strong Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella choleraesuis (8–15 ± 3.0 mm) inhibition in the disk-diffusion agar. The leaf extract also exhibited maximum antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC = ±0.25 mg/mL, MBC = ±0.25 mg/mL) and S. choleraesuis (MIC = ±0.25 mg/mL, MBC = ±0.25 mg/mL). LC-MS/MS analysis and MN revealed norlignans and phenolic glycosides as major metabolites in the rhizome and leaf extracts of the negative mode (M − H)−. Fourteen known compounds were identified, and three unknown compounds were putatively identified in the rhizome extract, while ten known compounds and six unknown compounds were putatively identified in the leaf extract.

Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical Studies and Biological Activity of Curculigo latifolia Plant Organs for Natural Skin-Whitening Compound Candidate

“…One or two types of extracts that do not correlate with the test results of the three methods used may be affected by the chemical content of each extract in terms of content and compound group. Several studies relevant to the potential of C. latifolia to reduce DPPH radicals showed that ethanol and aqueous extracts from plant roots were the most potent antioxidants [ 9 , 10 , 12 , 33 ]. In the ethanol extract of leaf organs, the present study showed a strong activity in reducing DPPH.…”

“…Analysis of the compounds of extracts was carried out using a liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) system using the modified methods in [ 32 , 33 ]. A Waters Acquity UPLC I-Class equipped with a Xevo G2-XS QToF mass spectrometer with an ESI source (capillary 2 kV, temperature 120°C) was used to generate mass spectra.…”

The potential of medicinal plants from heath forest: Local knowledge from Kelubi Village, Belitung Island, Indonesia

“…are also used as eye drops, and to stop bedwetting in young children. Keliangauan (Curculigo latifolia) is commonly used to eliminate the bitter taste on the tongue when sick by eating the ripe fruit because it tastes sweet and can retain its sweet taste (Ishak et al 2013;Nie et al 2013;Mad Nasir et al 2021).…”

Combined LC-MS/MS and Molecular Networking Approach Reveals Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Compounds from Erismadelphus exsul Bark

“…The de-replication information was then collected by MN, which compares all MS/MS spectra of studied compounds and groups them according to their spectral similarity, thus allowing the visualization of all structurally related molecules within the same cluster and structurally different molecules distributed in different clusters [ 9 ]. This approach thus provides new ways to navigate the metabolome of biological samples by providing key information about the analogies between detected metabolites [ 10 ]. The main interest of molecular networks is that they can be used to exploit numerous MS/MS spectra without prior knowledge of the chemical composition of the samples, and the data obtained can be directly correlated to antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.…”