Combination of MDC and K-Means to improve LEACH

Gantassi, Rahma; Gouissem, Bechir Ben; Othman, Jalel Ben

doi:10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500909

Cited by 5 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Many studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of K-Means on the LEACH protocol performance in WSN [1], [8]- [13]. Other studies, apply the Grid-sizes clustering on LEACH to enhance the WSNs performances as in [5], [8], [14], [15]. Several other studies have been carried out to develop MDC routing protocols [16]- [20] in which they have concentrated on increasing the lifetime of the WSN.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach did not use the MDC and TSP algorithm in the transmission phase and tested in LS-WSNs. [5] In this paper, researchers implemented the Grid and K-Means algorithm in LEACH.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• E ele is the energy required to operate electronic circuitry of receiver. Energy consumed during a data collection cycle is calculated in (5).…”

Section: B Mdc-tsp-leach-k Energy Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WSN clustering algorithms running data streams are divided into two main steps, the clustering phase, and the data transmission phase. Using the grid clustering algorithm [5], each cluster is formed according to the size of each grid in WSN. In particular, this method fixes the size and location of clusters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing QoS and Residual Energy by Using of Grid-Size Clustering, K-Means, and TSP Algorithms With MDC in LEACH Protocol

2022

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Some recent researches have shown that the energy consumption problem caused by data collection in a wireless sensor network (WSN) based on a static data collector is a main threat to the network lifetime. However, with the progress of the mobile terminal technology, the implementation of mobile data collectors (MDCs) has become more popular in large-scale WSNs, but it remains a big problem to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) criteria and minimize the energy consumption at the same time. However, most existing systems based on MDCs do not successfully strike a balance between routing energy consumption and QoS. In addition, most WSN protocols fail to maintain their impact when the network topology changes. Thus, for a dynamic WSN, it is important to support an intelligent MDC to continue data propagation despite the inevitable changes in the WSN topology. Considering all the above challenges, we propose a new intelligent MDC based on the traveling salesman problem (TSP) to determine the optimal path traveled by the MDC for energy efficiency and latency. Specifically, our proposed Mobile Data Collectors-Traveling Salesman Problem-Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy-K-Means (MDC-TSP-LEACH-K) protocol uses K-Means and Grid clustering algorithm to decrease energy consumption in the cluster head (CH) election phase. Additionally, MDC is utilized as an intermediate between CH and the sink to further enhance the QoS of WSNs, to reduce delays while collecting data, and improve the transmission phase of the LEACH protocol.INDEX TERMS Energy consumption, large-scale wireless sensor networks, optimal path, QoS.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach did not use the MDC and TSP algorithm in the transmission phase and tested in LS-WSNs. [5] In this paper, researchers implemented the Grid and K-Means algorithm in LEACH.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• E ele is the energy required to operate electronic circuitry of receiver. Energy consumed during a data collection cycle is calculated in (5).…”

Section: B Mdc-tsp-leach-k Energy Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Enhancing QoS and Residual Energy by Using of Grid-Size Clustering, K-Means, and TSP Algorithms With MDC in LEACH Protocol

2022

Self Cite

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“…The MDC collects data from SNs and transfers it to the BS. Various MDC approaches have been explored for different assumptions and constraints [9], [10]. However, in all proposed models, the data latency is usually high due to the slow speed of the mobile nodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Network QoS in Large Scale and High Sensor Node Density Wireless Sensor Networks Using (IR-DV-Hop) Localization Algorithm and Mobile Data Collector (MDC)

Gantassi,

Messous,

Masood

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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This paper poses new challenges, especially when designing routing protocols to improve the quality of service (QoS) criteria and the lifetime of large-scale wireless sensor networks (LS-WSNs) and high sensor node density WSNs (HSND-WSN). Some of these challenging problems for routing protocols are minimizing the distance between a base station (BS) and the cluster head (CH), latency in the transmission phase, power consumption in the clustering phase, and determining the precise SN location without error. Thus, for a dynamic WSN, it is important to support an intelligent mobile data collector (MDC) to continue data propagation despite the inevitable changes in the WSN topology. Considering these challenges, we propose a novel intelligent routing protocol based on the improved recursive distance vector-hop (IR-DV-Hop) localization algorithm to determine the accurate location of SNs without errors in LS-WSNs and determine the CHs and optimal route traversed by the MDC for energy efficiency, latency, and reliability. Specifically, the proposed mobile data collector-improved recursive distance vectorhop (MDC-IR-DV-Hop) protocol uses the MDC as an intermediate between the CH and BS to enhance the QoS of WSNs, reduce delays while collecting data, and improve the transmission phase of the routing protocol. Simulation results prove the performance of the proposed protocol compared with the energy aware cluster based multi-hop (EACBM), tree clustering algorithm with mobile data collector (TCMDC), mobile data collector maximum residual energy low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (MDC maximum residual energy leach), MDC minimum distance leach, mobile data collector-K-means (MDC-K), mobile data collector-traveling salesman problem-low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy-K-means (MDC-TSP-LEACH-K), a three-layer hierarchical architecture for optimized routing protocol based on clustering and the Khalimsky topology for mobile WSN (AMWSN), and node density-based clustering and mobile collection (NDCM) protocols. In addition, this article proposes a comparative analysis of the best clustering, CH election, localization and MDC by discussing and describing their functionalities, advantages, disadvantages and their main performance parameters.INDEX TERMS High sensor-node density wireless sensor network (HSND-WSN), improved recursive distance vector-hop (IR-DV-Hop), large-scale wireless sensor network (LS-WSN), mobile data collector (MDC), quality of service (QoS), routing protocol.

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A Review of Energy Hole Mitigating Techniques in Multi-Hop Many to One Communication and its Significance in IoT Oriented Smart City Infrastructure

Shafique,

Gantassi,

Soliman

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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A huge increase in the percentage of the world's urban population poses resource management especially energy management challenges in smart cities. In this paper, the growing challenges of energy management in smart cities have been explored and significance of elimination of energy holes in converge cast communication has been discussed. The impact of mitigation of energy holes on the network lifetime and energy efficiency has been thoroughly covered. The particular focus of this work has been on energyefficient practices in two major key enablers of smart cities namely, the Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In addition, this paper presents a robust survey of state-of-the-art energy-efficient routing and clustering methods in WSNs. A niche energy efficiency issue in WSNs routing has been identified as energy holes and a detailed survey and evaluation of various techniques that mitigate the formation of energy holes and achieve balanced energy-efficient routing has been covered.INDEX TERMS Balanced load routing, energy holes, energy management, Internet of Things (IoT), many to one communication, multi-hop communication, smart cities (SC), wireless sensor network (WSN)

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Combination of MDC and K-Means to improve LEACH

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Enhancing QoS and Residual Energy by Using of Grid-Size Clustering, K-Means, and TSP Algorithms With MDC in LEACH Protocol

Enhancing QoS and Residual Energy by Using of Grid-Size Clustering, K-Means, and TSP Algorithms With MDC in LEACH Protocol

Enhanced Network QoS in Large Scale and High Sensor Node Density Wireless Sensor Networks Using (IR-DV-Hop) Localization Algorithm and Mobile Data Collector (MDC)

A Review of Energy Hole Mitigating Techniques in Multi-Hop Many to One Communication and its Significance in IoT Oriented Smart City Infrastructure

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