Combating Antibiotic Resistance through the Synergistic Effects of Mesoporous Silica-Based Hierarchical Nanocomposites

Abstract

The enormous influence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has led researchers toward the development of various advanced antibacterial modalities. In this vein, nanotechnology-based devices have garnered interest owing to their excellent morphological as well as physicochemical features, resulting in augmented therapeutic efficacy. Herein, to overcome the multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacteria, we demonstrate the fabrication of a versatile design based on the copper-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Cu-MSNs). Indeed, the impregnated Cu species in the siliceous frameworks of MSNs establish pH-responsive coordination interactions with the guest molecules, tetracycline (TET), which not only enhance their loading efficiency but also assist in their release in the acidic environment precisely. Subsequently, the ultrasmall silver nanoparticles-stabilized polyethyleneimine (PEI-SNP) layer is coated over Cu-MSNs. The released silver ions from the surface-deposited SNPs are capable of sensitizing the resistant strains through establishing the interactions with the biomembranes, and facilitate the generation of toxic free radicals, damaging the bacterial components. In addition to SNPs, Cu species impregnated in MSN frameworks synergistically act through the production of free radicals by participating in the Fenton-like reaction. Various physical characterization techniques for confirming the synthesis and successful surface modification of functional nanomaterials, as well as different antibacterial tests performed against MDR bacterial strains, are highly commendable. Remarkably, this versatile formulation has shown no significant toxic effects on normal mammalian fibroblast cells accounting for its high biocompatibility. Together, these biocompatible MSN-based trio-hybrids with synergistic efficacy and pH-responsive delivery of antibiotics potentially allow for efficient combat against MDR in bacteria.

Advances in sepsis diagnosis and management: a paradigm shift towards nanotechnology

“…Additional coating Cu-MSNs with ultrasmall silver nanoparticles-stabilized polyethyleneimine (PEI-SNP) stimulates the production of toxic free radicals responsible for disrupting the bacterial components. Thus, the reported MSN-based trio-hybrids (PEI-SNP@Cu-MSN-TET) synergistically exhibited profound antibacterial activity against resistant E. coli strain [88]. The similar trionanohybrid approach has been reported with synergistic antibacterial effects by combining natural antimicrobial agent, curcumin, with above reported Cu-MSNs and SNP (Cur-Cu-MSN-SNP).…”

“…The search for new and safer antibacterial drugs is at risk due to low returns; thus, the focus has shifted to targeted drug delivery to enhance local potency, while simultaneously reducing the untoward effects of antimicrobials. Application of nanotechnology in antimicrobial drugs provides distinct benefits other than the structural features, such as overcoming resistance [88] while avoiding its further development and causing fewer side effects than conventional antibiotics. Furthermore, nanoparticle formulations can prolong the half-life of the loaded antibiotic and serve as a sustained-release system, reducing the frequency of administration and improving therapeutic index [89].…”

“…Other metals and metal oxide NPs such as zinc oxide, copper oxide, magnesium oxide and titanium dioxide have been evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity [36]. Most recent report by Kankala et al (2020) shown copper-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Cu-MSNs) establishing pH-responsive coordination interactions with the tetracycline (TET) which improves loading efficiency and TET release in the acidic pH. Additional coating Cu-MSNs with ultrasmall silver nanoparticles-stabilized polyethyleneimine (PEI-SNP) stimulates the production of toxic free radicals responsible for disrupting the bacterial components.…”

Exploiting Fruit Waste Grape Pomace for Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis, Assessing Their Antioxidant, Antidiabetic Potential and Antibacterial Activity Against Human Pathogens: A Novel Approach

“…Among which, utilization of plant- or fruit waste-based extracts could be more beneficial due to simple, cost-effective, and eco-accommodating process relative to other biological routes of NPs synthesis [ 8 , 9 ]. There are a few reports of green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of Holoptelea integrifolia , Punica granatum , waste fruit extract of Vitis vinifera , and using single biomolecules such as gallic acid, chlorotetracycline, and lignin [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. The synthesized AgNPs have been studied for various biogenic activities which increases its potential applications in biomedical, environment sector.…”

Biogenic nanoporous silicon carrier improves the efficacy of buparvaquone against resistant visceral leishmaniasis

“…Nanotechnology based drug delivery systems have the ability to overcome drug resistance and improve cellular uptake due to the nano size of the particles which makes them capable to penetrate through biological barriers, enhance cellular uptake and deliver the drug in infected tissues [50][51][52]. Furthermore, it has been well established that the nanoparticles overcome multidrug resistance by down-regulating the overexpression of P-glycoprotein [53,54].…”