Columnar grain growth in non-oriented electrical steels

Effect of annealing prior to cold rolling on magnetic and mechanical properties of low carbon non-oriented electrical steels

“…4f. Similar results were observed by Kovac et al [23] in electrical steel with 0.05% C and 0.24% Si. On the other hand the absence of decarburization at TZAc 3 can be associated to the severe external oxidation, which affects the rate at which carbon is removed from the strip surface [24].…”

“…Decarburization at surface results in a discontinuous concentration profile of carbon through the thickness of the steel. The carbon content increases from zero at the surface to a quasi-equilibrium value at the a/(aþg) interface [2,12,22,23]. It appears therefore that formation of columnar grains takes place by a process of chemical destabilization of the (aþg) two-phase microstructure under isothermal conditions.…”

Through process texture evolution and magnetic properties of high Si non-oriented electrical steels

“…In addition to a specific texture, a coarse grained microstructure is required to minimize the magnetic losses. Varying the final annealing conditions produces a wide range of microstructures with different textures [14,[17][18][19][20][21]. In low carbon grades, a strong temperature gradient, induced by rapid heating, combined with diffusion controlled grain growth [17][18][19]21,22] serves to produce a homogeneous microstructure of columnar grains which have an appropriate texture for magnetic applications.…”

Preparation of non-oriented silicon steel with high magnetic induction using columnar grains

“…Harase and Shimizu [6] significantly increased the intensity of the cube texture component in the silicon steel sheet by cross-rolling and subsequent decarburizing and secondary recrystallization annealing. Previous works have examined the removal of manganese by annealing in a vacuum (not essential) and by decarburizing annealing in the g or aþg two-phase region, resulting in high intensity of the {1 0 0} fiber texture component in silicon steel sheets [7,8]. Gutié rrez-Castañeda and Salinas-Rodrí-guez [9] suggested the application of annealing prior to cold rolling to obtain large columnar ferrite grains.…”