Column liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Selected techniques in environmental applications for polar pesticides and related compounds

A Simple High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Ionspray Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Direct Determination of Paraquat and Diquat in Water

“…1 This review noted that most such applications have used thermospray or particle-beam interfaces, and that there were few published applications using atmospheric pressure ionization. Of these, the majority used atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI).…”

Identification of Carbamates by Particle Beam/Mass Spectrometry

“…Atmospheric pressure ionization (API) interfaces are rapidly gaining in popularity, mainly because of the reported excellent sensitivity and of the possibility of inducing additional fragmentation before mass analysis ; thus, molecular mass and structural information can easily be obtained.20h22 As with TSP, detection limits relevant to environmental analysis generally require the use of selected ion monitoring (SIM). 23 In addition, co-elution often obscures full-scan spectra with pre-analyser fragmentation in API of environmental samples. In other words, although TSPand API-based detection can be applied for the carbamates, these methods do have some drawbacks.…”

Pesticide residue determination in groundwater using solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

“…12 However, other techniques, such as the liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (MS), combine the advantages of chromatography (high selectivity and separation efficiency) and mass spectrometry (structural information and further increase in selectivity), while being relatively straightforward to accomplish. 22,23 LC-MS is specially powerful for the direct analyses of polar compounds which are subject to thermal decomposition or do not have adequate vapor pressure for GC separations. 24 Based on the type of interface, LC-MS is also capable of providing structural information to confirm the identification of analytes in a sample.…”