Colour properties of barrier anodic oxide films on aluminium and titanium studied with total reflectance and spectroscopic ellipsometry

Gils, Sake Van; Mast, P.K.; Stijns, Erik; Terryn, Herman

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.01.021

Cited by 128 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The native thin-oxide layer can be thickened upon anodic polarization [26,27], which, for Ti, is accompanied by a visible color change [6,28]. This electrochemical oxide growth occurs via high-field-assisted migration of Ti cations outwards and of oxygen ions inwards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond laser-induced microstructures on Ti substrates for reduced cell adhesion

et al. 2017

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond laser-induced microstructures on Ti substrates for reduced cell adhesion

et al. 2017

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“…As a result, both constructive and destructive interference will take place at special wavelengths. For a light, being normal to the surface and for the case when TiO 2 is on the top of a higher refractive index material (such as Zn), these special wavelengths are written as [41,42] …”

Section: E Optics (The Final Color Of the Steel Sheet)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing the Color of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Sheet Through Destructive Light Interference Using a Zn-Ti Liquid Metallic Bath

Lévai

Godzsák

Törók

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans A

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The color of hot-dip galvanized steel sheet was adjusted in a reproducible way using a liquid Zn-Ti metallic bath, air atmosphere, and controlling the bath temperature as the only experi mental parame ter. Coloring was found only for sample s cooled in air and dipped into Ti-containing liquid Zn. For samples dipped into a 0.15 wt pct Ti-containing Zn bath, the color remained metallic (gray) below a 792 K (519°C) bath temperature; it was yellow at 814 K ± 22 K (541°C ± 22°C), violet at 847 K ± 10 K (574°C ± 10°C), and blue at 873 K ± 15 K (600°C ± 15°C). With the increasing bath temperature, the thickness of the adhered Zn-Ti layer gradually decreased from 52 to 32 micrometers, while the thickness of the outer TiO 2 layer gradually increased from 24 to 69 nm. Due to small Al contamination of the Zn bath, a thin (around 2 nm) alumina-rich layer is found between the outer TiO 2 layer and the inner macroscopic Zn layer. It is proven that the color change was governed by the formation of thin outer TiO 2 layer; different colors appear depending on the thickness of this layer, mostly due to the destructive interference of visible light on this transparent nano-layer. A complex model was built to explain the results using known relationships of chemical thermodynamics, adhesion, heat flow, kinetics of chemical reactions, diffusion, and optics. The complex model was able to reproduce the observations and allowed making predictions on the color of the hot-dip galvanized steel sample, as a function of the following experimental parameters: temperature and Ti content of the Zn bath, oxygen content, pressure, temperature and flow rate of the cooling gas, dimensions of the steel sheet, velocity of dipping the steel sheet into the Zn-Ti bath, residence time of the steel sheet within the bath, and the velocity of its removal from the bath. These relationships will be valuable for planning further experiments and technologies on color hot-dip galvanization of steel by Zn-Ti alloys.

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“…Por ello, el número de biomateriales metálicos con alguna posibilidad de mantener un ritmo de corrosión lo suficientemente bajo como para ser considerados como alternativas aceptables se reduce a materiales nobles (como el oro y algunos del grupo del platino), o pasivables (como el titanio y el cromo) [Comín 1999]. Este último grupo basa su resistencia a la oxidación en la formación de una fina película superficial de óxido que resulte adherente y compacta, para dificultar los fenómenos de difusión de oxígeno a través de ella y reducir así la velocidad de progresión de la corrosión [Delplancke 1982, Gil 2002, Van Gils 2004.…”

Section: Implantesunclassified

“…La anodización del titanio mejora la resistencia al desgaste, en ausencia de cargas elevadas, mediante el desarrollo de capas de TiO 2 de hasta 100 nm de espesor. Variando el voltaje aplicado pueden conseguirse un amplio abanico de colores [ASM N4 1994, Van-Gils 2004].…”

Section: Deposición Físicaunclassified

“…El grosor de la capa de óxido formada crece desde la parte en contacto con la itria hasta el contacto con la atmósfera del horno con un grosor, de acuerdo con los estudios realizados por Van et al [Van-Gils 2004], de 40 a 90 nm aproximadamente, tabla 5.12. El mayor espesor al contacto con la atmósfera del horno se justificaría por la mayor presencia de O 2 .…”

Colour properties of barrier anodic oxide films on aluminium and titanium studied with total reflectance and spectroscopic ellipsometry

Cited by 128 publications

References 14 publications

Femtosecond laser-induced microstructures on Ti substrates for reduced cell adhesion

Femtosecond laser-induced microstructures on Ti substrates for reduced cell adhesion

Designing the Color of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Sheet Through Destructive Light Interference Using a Zn-Ti Liquid Metallic Bath

Desarrollo de piezas porosas de Ti6Al4V mediante técnicas pulvimetalúrgicas

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